Provided is a composite electrode material. The composite electrode material is disposed on a surface of an electrode. The composite electrode material includes a plurality of conductive material layers and a plurality of active material layers. The conductive material layers and the active material layers are alternately stacked along a direction non-parallel to the surface of the electrode, and are arranged disorderly along a direction parallel to the surface of the electrode.

Provided is a composite electrode material. The composite electrode material is disposed on a surface of an electrode. The composite electrode material includes a plurality of conductive material layers and a plurality of active material layers. The conductive material layers and the active material layers are alternately stacked along a direction non-parallel to the surface of the electrode, and are arranged disorderly along a direction parallel to the surface of the electrode.

An aspect of the present invention is an electrode which includes an active material layer, and an insulating layer layered on a surface of the active material layer, in which the insulating layer contains a filler and a first binder, and a content of the first binder in the insulating layer is 8% by mass or more. Another aspect of the present invention is an electrode which includes an active material layer, and an insulating layer layered on a surface of the active material layer, in which the insulating layer is a dry coating product containing a filler and a binder. Still another aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing an electrode, which includes the steps of forming an active material layer, and laminating an insulator containing a filler and a binder on a surface of the active material layer to form an insulating layer, in which the insulator does not contain a solvent.

A method to a fabricate high surface area, high performance supercapacitor includes include applying a metal layer to at least a portion of a nanostructure; after applying the metal layer, oxidizing the metal layer; applying a plurality of additional metal layers onto a previously oxidized metal layer; and after applying each additional metal layer, oxidizing the additional metal layer prior to applying a successive additional metal layer. The metal layers may include a composition comprising at least one metal, the at least one metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, titanium, manganese, vanadium, iron, tin, cobalt and nickel. Optionally, each of the additional metal layers may be applied using atomic layering deposition (ALD).

The present invention relates to an elastic fiber electrode including a hybrid fiber prepared by coating a carbon nanotube sheet on a polymer fiber, in which the hybrid fiber is in a yarn form having a coiled structure, and the carbon nanotube sheet makes a wrinkled surface, and a coil- or spring-type elastic fiber electrode manufactured by coiling a hybrid nanofiber prepared by coating a carbon nanotube sheet on a polymer fiber has excellent mechanical and electrical properties. In particular, the elastic fiber electrode has increased porosity by depositing manganese dioxide on a surface thereof, thereby enhancing electrochemical performance. Thus, a micro-supercapacitor using the elastic fiber electrode has high current density and excellent capacitance retention, may maintain the electrochemical characteristics even after being subjected to various deformations, such as bending, coiling, or weaving, and has high elasticity and reversible behaviors, thus providing stable capacitance.

The present invention relates to an elastic fiber electrode including a hybrid fiber prepared by coating a carbon nanotube sheet on a polymer fiber, in which the hybrid fiber is in a yarn form having a coiled structure, and the carbon nanotube sheet makes a wrinkled surface, and a coil- or spring-type elastic fiber electrode manufactured by coiling a hybrid nanofiber prepared by coating a carbon nanotube sheet on a polymer fiber has excellent mechanical and electrical properties. In particular, the elastic fiber electrode has increased porosity by depositing manganese dioxide on a surface thereof, thereby enhancing electrochemical performance. Thus, a micro-supercapacitor using the elastic fiber electrode has high current density and excellent capacitance retention, may maintain the electrochemical characteristics even after being subjected to various deformations, such as bending, coiling, or weaving, and has high elasticity and reversible behaviors, thus providing stable capacitance.

An electricity storage device includes an electrode assembly and a load applying mechanism. The load applying mechanism applies, to the electrode assembly, a load in a direction in which the positive electrode and the negative electrode are stacked in the electrode assembly. The negative electrode includes a metal foil and an active material layer that covers at least part of the metal foil and contains a carbon-based material as an active material. The density of the carbon-based material in the active material layer is 1.2 g/cm.sup.3 or higher. The degree of orientation that is defined as a ratio (I(100)/I(002)) of an X-ray diffraction intensity I(100) of a (100) plane to a diffraction intensity I(002) of a (002) plane in the active material layer is lower than or equal to 0.3. The load applied by the load applying mechanism is greater than or equal to 0.22 MPa.

This invention relates to a waterborne fluoropolymer composition useful for the fabrication of Li-ion-Battery (LIB) electrodes. The fluoropolymer composition contains an organic carbonate compound, which is more environmentally friendly than other fugitive adhesion promoters currently used in waterborne fluoropolymer binders. An especially useful organic carbonate compound is ethylene carbonate (EC) and vinylene carbonate (VC), which are solids at room temperature, and other carbonates which are liquid at room temperature such as propylene carbonate, methyl carbonate and ethyl carbonate. The composition of the invention is low cost, environmentally friendly, safer, and has enhanced performance compared to current compositions.

This invention relates to a waterborne fluoropolymer composition useful for the fabrication of Li-ion-Battery (LIB) electrodes. The fluoropolymer composition contains an organic carbonate compound, which is more environmentally friendly than other fugitive adhesion promoters currently used in waterborne fluoropolymer binders. An especially useful organic carbonate compound is ethylene carbonate (EC) and vinylene carbonate (VC), which are solids at room temperature, and other carbonates which are liquid at room temperature such as propylene carbonate, methyl carbonate and ethyl carbonate. The composition of the invention is low cost, environmentally friendly, safer, and has enhanced performance compared to current compositions.

A capacitor electrode includes a conductive base member and an electrode part electrically connected to the base member. The electrode part contains carbon particles of a first carbon material capable of adsorbing and desorbing ions. The electrode part further contains voids including first voids with diameters of not less than 0.2 μm and not more than 1.0 μm, and second voids with diameters of not less than 0.05 μm and less than 0.2 μm. The value of (V.sub.A×V.sub.A)/(V.sub.B×M) is greater than 0.022, where V.sub.A is the sum of the volumes of the first voids, V.sub.B is the sum of the volumes of the second voids, and M is the volume of the electrode part per unit weight of the electrode part.