Graphene grids are configured for applications in vacuum electronic devices. A multilayer graphene grid is configured as a filter for electrons in a specific energy range, in a field emission device or other vacuum electronic device. A graphene grid can be deformable responsive to an input to vary electric fields proximate to the grid. A mesh can be configured to support a graphene grid.

Some embodiments of vacuum electronics call for a grid that is fabricated in close proximity to an electrode, where, for example, the grid and electrode are separated by nanometers or microns. Methods and apparatus for fabricating a nanoscale vacuum grid and electrode structure are described herein.

Some embodiments of vacuum electronics call for a grid that is fabricated in close proximity to an electrode, where, for example, the grid and electrode are separated by nanometers or microns. Methods and apparatus for fabricating a nanoscale vacuum grid and electrode structure are described herein.

Graphene grids are configured for applications in vacuum electronic devices. A multilayer graphene grid is configured as a filter for electrons in a specific energy range, in a field emission device or other vacuum electronic device. A graphene grid can be deformable responsive to an input to vary electric fields proximate to the grid. A mesh can be configured to support a graphene grid.

Graphene grids are configured for applications in vacuum electronic devices. A multilayer graphene grid is configured as a filter for electrons in a specific energy range, in a field emission device or other vacuum electronic device. A graphene grid can be deformable responsive to an input to vary electric fields proximate to the grid. A mesh can be configured to support a graphene grid.

In an embodiment, a method includes forming a first diamond layer on a substrate and inducing a layer of graphene from the first diamond layer by heating the substrate and the first diamond layer. The method includes forming a second diamond layer on top of the layer of graphene and applying a mask to the second diamond layer. The mask includes a shape of a cathode, an anode, and one or more grids. The method further includes forming a two-dimensional cold cathode, a two-dimensional anode, and one or more two-dimensional grids by reactive-ion electron-beam etching. Each of the two-dimensional cold cathode, the two-dimensional anode, and the one or more two-dimensional grids includes a portion of the first diamond layer, the graphene layer, and the second diamond layer such that the graphene layer is positioned between the first diamond layer and the second diamond layer.

A vacuum electronic device includes a multi-layer graphene grid that includes at least two layers of graphene, where the transmission of electrons through the multi-layer graphene grid can be tuned by varying the parameters of the vacuum electronic device such as the number of graphene layers, relative positions of the electrodes, voltage biases applied to the electrodes, and other device parameters.

A vacuum electronic device includes a multi-layer graphene grid that includes at least two layers of graphene, where the transmission of electrons through the multi-layer graphene grid can be tuned by varying the parameters of the vacuum electronic device such as the number of graphene layers, relative positions of the electrodes, voltage biases applied to the electrodes, and other device parameters.

Graphene grids are configured for applications in vacuum electronic devices. A multilayer graphene grid is configured as a filter for electrons in a specific energy range, in a field emission device or other vacuum electronic device. A graphene grid can be deformable responsive to an input to vary electric fields proximate to the grid. A mesh can be configured to support a graphene grid.

Graphene grids are configured for applications in vacuum electronic devices. A multilayer graphene grid is configured as a filter for electrons in a specific energy range, in a field emission device or other vacuum electronic device. A graphene grid can be deformable responsive to an input to vary electric fields proximate to the grid. A mesh can be configured to support a graphene grid.