Flash tubes for photographic use, in particular a flash tube is adapted to provide a light output adapted to FP-sync, Flat Peak. The flash tube includes a length of glass tubing enclosing a gas for use in the flash tube, a cathode inside a first end part of glass tubing and an anode inside a second end part of glass tubing. The cathode includes an element that helps to ionize the gas that is wound around the cathode, such that a spark stream starts from the upper part of the cathode and is prevented from spreading down wards on the cathode and changing the arc length during the light output adapted to FP-sync.

A gas discharge lamp for use as a flash lamp comprises a closed discharge vessel; two conductors for contacting an electrode; and at least one electrical seal that encapsulates an outer portion of an electrical conductor adjacent to the wall of the closed discharge vessel. At least one electrical seal comprises an electrically insulating shielding that encloses the outer portions of the electrical conductors.

A gas discharge lamp for use as a flash lamp comprises a closed discharge vessel; two conductors for contacting an electrode; and at least one electrical seal that encapsulates an outer portion of an electrical conductor adjacent to the wall of the closed discharge vessel. At least one electrical seal comprises an electrically insulating shielding that encloses the outer portions of the electrical conductors.

An arc lamp includes an arc tube configured to receive a reaction gas therein, and an anode and a cathode disposed opposite one another within the arc tube and configured to generate an electrical arc. The anode includes an anode head portion extending inwardly from an end portion of the arc tube, and an anode tip portion bonded to the anode head portion and comprising a trench extending in a top surface along a peripheral region of the anode tip portion.

Disclosed herein a vacuum ultra violet light source device that is capable of suppressing an amount of ozone generation when the vacuum ultra violet light is emitted into an atmosphere containing oxygen, a light irradiation device incorporating the vacuum ultra violet light device, and a method of patterning a self-assembled monolayer employing the light irradiation device. The light irradiation device is configured to irradiate a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) formed on a workpiece with light containing vacuum ultra violet light through a mask M on which a prescribed pattern is formed so as to perform a patterning process of the SAM. The light containing the vacuum ultra violet light to be irradiated onto the SAM is light that is pulsed light and has a duty ratio of light emission equal to or greater than 0.00001 and equal to or less than 0.01.

Disclosed herein a vacuum ultra violet light source device that is capable of suppressing an amount of ozone generation when the vacuum ultra violet light is emitted into an atmosphere containing oxygen, a light irradiation device incorporating the vacuum ultra violet light device, and a method of patterning a self-assembled monolayer employing the light irradiation device. The light irradiation device is configured to irradiate a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) formed on a workpiece with light containing vacuum ultra violet light through a mask M on which a prescribed pattern is formed so as to perform a patterning process of the SAM. The light containing the vacuum ultra violet light to be irradiated onto the SAM is light that is pulsed light and has a duty ratio of light emission equal to or greater than 0.00001 and equal to or less than 0.01.

A flash light source device includes a flash lamp, a wring board, and a power feeding unit. The flash lamp includes a sealed container provided with a light transmission window on one end face and having a discharge gas enclosed therein, a cathode and an anode to induce arc discharge in the sealed container, and lead pins projecting from the other end face of the sealed container. The wiring board has a principal surface and a back surface. The lead pins of the flash lamp arranged opposite to the principal surface are bonded so as to be fixed in an electrically conductive manner to the wiring board. The power feeding unit implements charge and discharge of an electric current to be supplied to the flash lamp. The power feeding unit has chip capacitors surface-mounted on the wiring board.

An arc lamp includes an arc tube configured to receive a reaction gas therein, and an anode and a cathode disposed opposite one another within the arc tube and configured to generate an electrical arc. The anode includes an anode head portion extending inwardly from an end portion of the arc tube, and an anode tip portion bonded to the anode head portion and comprising a trench extending in a top surface along a peripheral region of the anode tip portion.

The means for producing pulsed ultraviolet (UV) radiation with a continuous spectrum is disclosed for the purposes of disinfection and sterilization. A method for generating high-intensity pulses of UV radiation using a current source involves forming a constricted arc discharge in an interelectrode gap of a discharge channel of a xenon pulsed lamp having quartz walls, and then supplying to said channel, by means of a discharge circuit switcher, a pulse of a main discharge having a current density sufficient for the brightness temperatures of the plasma in the discharge channel to reach more than 7000 K, thereby generating a pulse of radiation with a continuous spectrum, wherein the geometric parameters of the discharge channel are related to the parameters of the discharge circuit by a given ratio. The method is carried out using a corresponding device.

The means for producing pulsed ultraviolet (UV) radiation with a continuous spectrum is disclosed for the purposes of disinfection and sterilization. A method for generating high-intensity pulses of UV radiation using a current source involves forming a constricted arc discharge in an interelectrode gap of a discharge channel of a xenon pulsed lamp having quartz walls, and then supplying to said channel, by means of a discharge circuit switcher, a pulse of a main discharge having a current density sufficient for the brightness temperatures of the plasma in the discharge channel to reach more than 7000 K, thereby generating a pulse of radiation with a continuous spectrum, wherein the geometric parameters of the discharge channel are related to the parameters of the discharge circuit by a given ratio. The method is carried out using a corresponding device.