An electronic device is provided in the present disclosure. The electronic device includes a substrate and a light emitting diode. The light emitting diode is bonded to the substrate through a solder alloy. The solder alloy includes tin and a metal element M, and the metal element M is one of the indium and bismuth. The atomic percentage of tin in the sum of tin and the metal element M ranges from 60% to 90% in the solder alloy.

A temporary fixing composition is provided that is used to temporarily fix a first bonding target material and a second bonding target material to each other before the two bonding target materials are bonded to each other. The temporary fixing composition contains a first organic component having a viscosity of less than 70 mPa.Math.s at 25° C. and a boiling point of 200° C. or lower and a second organic component having a viscosity of 70 mPa.Math.s or greater at 25° C. and a boiling point of 210° C. or higher. It is preferable that, when thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis is performed under the conditions at a temperature increase rate of 10° C./min in a nitrogen atmosphere with a sample mass of 30 mg, the 95% mass reduction temperature is lower than 300° C.

A temporary fixing composition is provided that is used to temporarily fix a first bonding target material and a second bonding target material to each other before the two bonding target materials are bonded to each other. The temporary fixing composition contains a first organic component having a viscosity of less than 70 mPa.Math.s at 25° C. and a boiling point of 200° C. or lower and a second organic component having a viscosity of 70 mPa.Math.s or greater at 25° C. and a boiling point of 210° C. or higher. It is preferable that, when thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis is performed under the conditions at a temperature increase rate of 10° C./min in a nitrogen atmosphere with a sample mass of 30 mg, the 95% mass reduction temperature is lower than 300° C.

Provided are a resin composition for encapsulation that is superior in high-temperature reverse bias test (HTRB test) reliability; and a semiconductor device. The resin composition for encapsulation is used to encapsulate a power semiconductor element made of Si, SiC, GaN, Ga.sub.2O.sub.3 or diamond, and a cured product of the resin composition for encapsulation has a dielectric tangent of not larger than 0.50 when measured at 150° C. and 0.1 Hz. The semiconductor device is such that a power semiconductor element made of Si, SiC, GaN, Ga.sub.2O.sub.3 or diamond is encapsulated by the cured product of the resin composition for encapsulation.

A light-emitting device includes: a light-emitting element including a first surface provided as a light extraction surface, a second surface opposite to the first surface, a plurality of third surfaces between the first surface and the second surface, and a positive electrode and a negative electrode at the second surface; a light-transmissive member disposed at the first surface; and a bonding member disposed between the light-emitting element and the light-transmissive member and covering from the first surface to the plurality of third surfaces of the light-emitting element to bond the light-emitting element and the light-transmissive member. The bonding member is made of a resin that contains nanoparticles. The nanoparticles have a particle diameter of 1 nm or more and 30 nm or less and a content of 10 mass % or more and 20 mass % or less.

A light-emitting device includes: a light-emitting element including a first surface provided as a light extraction surface, a second surface opposite to the first surface, a plurality of third surfaces between the first surface and the second surface, and a positive electrode and a negative electrode at the second surface; a light-transmissive member disposed at the first surface; and a bonding member disposed between the light-emitting element and the light-transmissive member and covering from the first surface to the plurality of third surfaces of the light-emitting element to bond the light-emitting element and the light-transmissive member. The bonding member is made of a resin that contains nanoparticles. The nanoparticles have a particle diameter of 1 nm or more and 30 nm or less and a content of 10 mass % or more and 20 mass % or less.

A hybrid wafer bonding method includes providing a first semiconductor structure and providing a second semiconductor structure. The first semiconductor structure includes a first substrate, a first dielectric, and a first via structure. The first via structure includes a first contact via and first metal impurities doped in the first contact via. The second semiconductor structure includes a second substrate, a second dielectric layer, and a second via structure. The second via structure includes a second contact via and second metal impurities doped in the second contact via. The method further includes bonding the first semiconductor structure with the second semiconductor and forming a self-barrier layer by an alloying process. The self-barrier layer is formed by a multi-component oxide corresponding to the first and second metal impurities.

A hybrid wafer bonding method includes providing a first semiconductor structure and providing a second semiconductor structure. The first semiconductor structure includes a first substrate, a first dielectric, and a first via structure. The first via structure includes a first contact via and first metal impurities doped in the first contact via. The second semiconductor structure includes a second substrate, a second dielectric layer, and a second via structure. The second via structure includes a second contact via and second metal impurities doped in the second contact via. The method further includes bonding the first semiconductor structure with the second semiconductor and forming a self-barrier layer by an alloying process. The self-barrier layer is formed by a multi-component oxide corresponding to the first and second metal impurities.

A hybrid wafer bonding method includes providing a first semiconductor structure and providing a second semiconductor structure. The first semiconductor structure includes a first via structure in a first dielectric layer, the first via structure including a first contact via surface. The second semiconductor structure includes a second via structure in a second dielectric layer, the second via structure including a second contact via surface. The first contact via surface is bonded with the second contact via surface. A barrier structure is formed surrounding the second contact via surface along a lateral direction and extending into each of the first contact via surface and the second dielectric layer in a vertical direction. The first via structure includes first metal impurities doped in a bulk region of the first via structure, and the second via structure includes second metal impurities doped in a bulk region of the second via structure.

A hybrid wafer bonding method includes providing a first semiconductor structure and providing a second semiconductor structure. The first semiconductor structure includes a first via structure in a first dielectric layer, the first via structure including a first contact via surface. The second semiconductor structure includes a second via structure in a second dielectric layer, the second via structure including a second contact via surface. The first contact via surface is bonded with the second contact via surface. A barrier structure is formed surrounding the second contact via surface along a lateral direction and extending into each of the first contact via surface and the second dielectric layer in a vertical direction. The first via structure includes first metal impurities doped in a bulk region of the first via structure, and the second via structure includes second metal impurities doped in a bulk region of the second via structure.