A regeneration method of an all-solid-state battery includes a step of preparing an all-solid-state battery having a cathode that does not contain copper, and a step of executing overdischarge control of the all-solid-state battery. The overdischarge control is control of mitigating reaction variance that is variance in electrode reaction due to charging and discharging of the all-solid-state battery, by discharging the all-solid-state battery until a potential of the cathode becomes lower than an elution potential of copper.

A working electrode for a subcutaneous sensor for use with a continuous biological monitor for a patient is disclosed. The working electrode includes a conductive substrate and a carbon-enzyme layer on the conductive substrate. The carbon-enzyme layer includes a polyurethane or silicone crosslinked with an acrylic polyol, and an enzyme fully entrapped by the polyurethane or silicone crosslinked with the acrylic polyol. The enzyme is selected according to a biological function to be monitored. The carbon-enzyme layer also includes a carbon material. The carbon-enzyme layer is electrically conductive and facilitates a generation of either peroxide or electrons within the carbon-enzyme layer responsive to reacting the enzyme with a target biologic from blood of the patient.

A layer of the mixture that contains polymer and conductive particles is applied over a first surface, when the mixture has a first viscosity that allows the conductive particles to rearrange within the layer. An electric field is applied over the layer, so that a number of the conductive particles are aligned with the field and thereafter the viscosity of the layer is changed to a second, higher viscosity, in order to mechanically stabilise the layer. This leads to a stable layer with enhanced and anisotropic conductivity.

An electrode can comprise a plurality of flexible longitudinal electroconductive protrusions which deform when pressed against a person's head. Proximal ends of the protrusions are adjacent to each other and have a first degree of curvature in a pre-deformation configuration. Proximal ends of the protrusions are apart from each other and have a second degree of curvature in a post-deformation configuration. The proximal-divergence of the ends of the protrusions enables them to slide between strands of hair to enable good electrical communication with the surface of the person's head.

The invention is achieved by applying a layer of the mixture that contains polymer and conductive particles over a first surface, when the mixture has a first viscosity that allows the conductive particles to rearrange within the layer. An electric field is applied over the layer, so that a number of the conductive particles are aligned with the field and thereafter the viscosity of the layer is changed to a second, higher viscosity, in order to mechanically stabilise the layer. This leads to a stable layer with enhanced and anisotropic conductivity that can be used in the manufacture of ESD devices.

A layer of the mixture that contains polymer and conductive particles is applied over a first surface, when the mixture has a first viscosity that allows the conductive particles to rearrange within the layer. An electric field is applied over the layer, so that a number of the conductive particles are aligned with the field and thereafter the viscosity of the layer is changed to a second, higher viscosity, in order to mechanically stabilise the layer. This leads to a stable layer with enhanced and anisotropic conductivity.

A working electrode for a subcutaneous sensor for use with a continuous biological monitor for a patient is disclosed. The working electrode includes a conductive substrate and an enzyme layer on the conductive substrate. The enzyme layer includes an enzyme, and the enzyme selected according to a biological function to be monitored. A hydrophobic material cross-linked with an acrylic polyol is included. The enzyme is fully entrapped in the cross-linked hydrophobic material with the acrylic polyol.

A method for making an enzyme membrane for a working electrode of a continuous biological monitor includes making an aqueous silicone dispersion and making an acrylic polyol emulsion. The silicone dispersion and the acrylic polyol emulsion are mixed to make a base emulsion. An enzyme is added to the base emulsion to create an enzyme/base emulsion dispersion. The enzyme is selected according to a biological function to be monitored. The enzyme/base emulsion dispersion is applied to the working electrode. The applied enzyme/base emulsion dispersion is cured.

An electrochemical cell is provided, which includes a cathode comprising a three dimensional (3D) porous cathode structure, an anode, an electrolyte separator, comprised of a ceramic material, located between the cathode and the anode, and a cathode current collector, wherein the cathode is located between the cathode current collector and the electrolyte separator. The 3D porous cathode structure includes ionically conducting electrolyte strands extending through the cathode from the cathode current collector to the electrolyte separator, pores extending through the cathode from the cathode current collector to the electrolyte separator, and an electronically conducting network extending on sidewall surfaces of the pores from the cathode current collector to the electrolyte separator.

The present invention relates to a metal storage host comprising: a three-dimensional structure including a carbonized material; and a transition metal distributed on the three-dimensional structure in a single-atom state, a cluster state of atoms, or a mixed state of the single-atom state and the atom cluster state; and a secondary metal battery including the same. Accordingly, the metal storage host of the present invention includes a carbonized material in which a transition metal is distributed in a single-atom state, a cluster state of atoms, or a mixed state of the single-atom state and the atom cluster state. Based on this structure, an anode of a secondary metal battery can be manufactured, thereby securing electrodeposition stability of the metal and suppressing dendritic growth of the metal. As a result, a secondary metal battery with high energy density and long cycle life characteristics can be achieved.