The disclosure provides a primary battery and an electrode assembly thereof. The electrode assembly includes a separator, a positive electrode, and a negative electrode current collector. The separator has a positive electrode side and a negative electrode side opposite to each other. The positive electrode is located at the positive electrode side of the separator, and the positive electrode includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode material. The negative electrode current collector is located at the negative electrode side of the separator. The electrode assembly does not include a negative electrode material before charging or activation.

The disclosure provides a primary battery and an electrode assembly thereof. The electrode assembly includes a separator, a positive electrode, and a negative electrode current collector. The separator has a positive electrode side and a negative electrode side opposite to each other. The positive electrode is located at the positive electrode side of the separator, and the positive electrode includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode material. The negative electrode current collector is located at the negative electrode side of the separator. The electrode assembly does not include a negative electrode material before charging or activation.

Alkaline electrochemical cells are provided, wherein dissolved zinc oxide or zinc hydroxide is included at least in the free electrolyte solution, and/or solid zinc oxide or zinc hydroxide is included in the anode, so as to slow formation of a zinc oxide passivation layer on a zinc electrode. Methods for preparing such cells are also provided.

An alkaline electrochemical cell has a central cathode having a corresponding cathode current collector electrically connected with a positive terminal of the electrochemical cell. The cathode current collector has a tubular shape, such as a cylindrical shape or rectangular shape, extending parallel with the length of the central cathode. The cathode current collector is embedded within the central cathode, such as at a medial point of a radius of the central cathode, thereby minimizing the distance between the cathode current collector and any portion of the central cathode, thereby increasing the mechanical strength of the cathode and facilitating charge transfer to the cathode current collector.

An alkaline electrochemical cell has a central cathode having a corresponding cathode current collector electrically connected with a positive terminal of the electrochemical cell. The cathode current collector has a tubular shape, such as a cylindrical shape or rectangular shape, extending parallel with the length of the central cathode. The cathode current collector is embedded within the central cathode, such as at a medial point of a radius of the central cathode, thereby minimizing the distance between the cathode current collector and any portion of the central cathode, thereby increasing the mechanical strength of the cathode and facilitating charge transfer to the cathode current collector.

A lithium primary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a liquid non-aqueous electrolyte. The positive electrode contains a positive electrode material mixture including LixMnO.sub.2 where 0≤x≤0.05. The negative electrode contains at least one of metal lithium and a lithium alloy. The liquid non-aqueous electrolyte contains a cyclic imide component and an organic silyl borate component. The concentration of the cyclic imide component in the liquid non-aqueous electrolyte is 1 mass % or less, the concentration of the organic silyl borate component in the liquid non-aqueous electrolyte is 5.5 mass % or less, and the mass ratio of the cyclic imide component to the organic silyl borate component contained in the liquid non-aqueous electrolyte is 0.02 or more and 10 or less.

A solid state battery including a positive electrode layer, a negative electrode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer interposed between the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer, wherein the positive electrode layer includes a positive electrode active material in which a spacing d.sub.003 of a lattice plane (003) is 4.800 Å or more in a charged state at a positive electrode potential of 4.55 V.

A printed energy storage device includes a first electrode including zinc, a second electrode including manganese dioxide, and a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode, second, electrode, and separator printed onto a substrate. The device may include a first current collector and/or a second current collector printed onto the substrate. The energy storage device may include a printed intermediate layer between the separator and the first electrode. The first electrode, and the second electrode may include 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (C.sub.2mimBF.sub.4). The first electrode and the second electrode may include an electrolyte having zinc tetrafluoroborate (ZnBF.sub.4) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (C.sub.2mimBF.sub.4). The first electrode, the second electrode, the first current collector, and/or the second current collector can include carbon nanotubes. The separator may include solid microspheres.

A printed energy storage device includes a first electrode including zinc, a second electrode including manganese dioxide, and a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode, second, electrode, and separator printed onto a substrate. The device may include a first current collector and/or a second current collector printed onto the substrate. The energy storage device may include a printed intermediate layer between the separator and the first electrode. The first electrode, and the second electrode may include 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (C.sub.2mimBF.sub.4). The first electrode and the second electrode may include an electrolyte having zinc tetrafluoroborate (ZnBF.sub.4) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (C.sub.2mimBF.sub.4). The first electrode, the second electrode, the first current collector, and/or the second current collector can include carbon nanotubes. The separator may include solid microspheres.

A non-aqueous electrolyte battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution. The positive electrode, the separator, and the negative electrode are spirally wound. The positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material and an expanded metal. The positive electrode has a thickness larger than or equal to 0.8 mm and smaller than or equal to 3 mm. A thickness T of the expanded metal satisfies 0.15 mm≤T≤0.3 mm. A center-to-center distance SW of the expanded metal in a shorter direction in mesh and a center-to-center distance LW of the expanded metal in a longer direction in mesh satisfy 6 mm.sup.2≤LW.Math.SW≤20 mm.sup.2. A feed width W of the expanded metal satisfies 0.15 mm≤W≤0.3 mm.