A cathode material of an aqueous zinc-ion battery and an aqueous zinc-ion battery are described. The aqueous zinc-ion battery has a cathode material of the aqueous zinc-ion battery of the embodiment of the present disclosure, which has a specific ratio of specific cathode material. At a specific current density (50 mA/g), an electrochemical capacity of the aqueous zinc-ion battery can reach about 500 mAh/g, and a capacity can reach 200 mAh/g at a current density of 20 A/g.

The present disclosure provides an electrolyte additive, an electrolyte and a lithium ion secondary battery containing the same. The electrolyte additive has a structure of Formula (1), wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, a phenyl, a cyano group, an alkyl cyano group or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyls, and each of R.sub.2 to R.sub.5 is independently selected from hydrogen or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl. By means of the electrolyte additive, the electrolyte and the lithium ion secondary battery containing the same of the present disclosure, a technical effect of improving electric performance of the lithium ion secondary battery at high voltage and high temperature is achieved. ##STR00001##

The present disclosure provides an electrolyte additive, an electrolyte and a lithium ion secondary battery containing the same. The electrolyte additive has a structure of Formula (1), wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, a phenyl, a cyano group, an alkyl cyano group or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyls, and each of R.sub.2 to R.sub.5 is independently selected from hydrogen or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl. By means of the electrolyte additive, the electrolyte and the lithium ion secondary battery containing the same of the present disclosure, a technical effect of improving electric performance of the lithium ion secondary battery at high voltage and high temperature is achieved. ##STR00001##

A rechargeable calcium battery formed from a calcium metal anode, a cathode formed from a composite carbon/sulfur (C/S), a metal oxide, or a metal sulfide, and a multi-component electrolyte containing a mixture of different salts. The calcium anode is formed as a thin, pure calcium metal foil that is polished and combined with a copper collector for redox activity. The cathode may be formed from a carbon-sulfur (CS) composite or metal oxide/sulfide, such as CaM.sub.xO.sub.y or CaM.sub.xS.sub.y, or formed from binary and ternary metals, such as CaM1aM2bO.sub.y/S.sub.y and CaM.sub.1aM.sub.2bM.sub.3cO.sub.y/S.sub.y. The battery also includes a multi-component electrolyte including calcium salts, such as Ca(TSFI).sub.2, Ca(ClO.sub.4).sub.2, Ca(BF.sub.4).sub.2, and CaPF.sub.6, or the pairing of lithium, sodium and potassium salts with one of the anions, such as Ca(TFSI), NaPF.sub.6, and Li(TFSI).

A rechargeable calcium battery formed from a calcium metal anode, a cathode formed from a composite carbon/sulfur (C/S), a metal oxide, or a metal sulfide, and a multi-component electrolyte containing a mixture of different salts. The calcium anode is formed as a thin, pure calcium metal foil that is polished and combined with a copper collector for redox activity. The cathode may be formed from a carbon-sulfur (CS) composite or metal oxide/sulfide, such as CaM.sub.xO.sub.y or CaM.sub.xS.sub.y, or formed from binary and ternary metals, such as CaM1aM2bO.sub.y/S.sub.y and CaM.sub.1aM.sub.2bM.sub.3cO.sub.y/S.sub.y. The battery also includes a multi-component electrolyte including calcium salts, such as Ca(TSFI).sub.2, Ca(ClO.sub.4).sub.2, Ca(BF.sub.4).sub.2, and CaPF.sub.6, or the pairing of lithium, sodium and potassium salts with one of the anions, such as Ca(TFSI), NaPF.sub.6, and Li(TFSI).

Alkaline electrochemical cells are provided, wherein dissolved zinc oxide or zinc hydroxide is included at least in the free electrolyte solution, and/or solid zinc oxide or zinc hydroxide is included in the anode, so as to slow formation of a zinc oxide passivation layer on a zinc electrode. Methods for preparing such cells are also provided.

Alkaline electrochemical cells are provided, wherein dissolved zinc oxide or zinc hydroxide is included at least in the free electrolyte solution, and/or solid zinc oxide or zinc hydroxide is included in the anode, so as to slow formation of a zinc oxide passivation layer on a zinc electrode. Methods for preparing such cells are also provided.

An electrode for a secondary battery includes a plurality of active material particles. A length of each of the active material particles in a first direction along a thickness direction of the electrode is larger than a length of the active material particle in a second direction intersecting the first direction.

A rechargeable battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte solution is provided. The electrolyte solution contains water and one or more lithium salts, and the lithium salts include lithium fluorophosphate.

A rechargeable battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte solution is provided. The electrolyte solution contains water and one or more lithium salts, and the lithium salts include lithium fluorophosphate.