An uninterruptible power supply unit for subsea applications includes a flow battery including: at least one flow battery module including at least a negative electrode cell and a positive electrode cell, a first electrolyte storage tank connected to the negative electrode cell to provide the negative electrode cell with a first electrolyte, and a second electrolyte storage tank connected to the positive electrode cell to provide the positive electrode cell with a second electrolyte. The unit further includes at least one electrolyte pressure compensator, connected to the first electrolyte storage tank and connected to the second electrolyte storage tank, respectively, to provide pressure balancing between an ambient medium surrounding the at least one electrolyte pressure compensator and first electrolytes and second electrolytes inside the first electrolyte storage tank and inside the second electrolyte storage tank, respectively.

The neutral zinc manganese battery includes a neutral zinc manganese flow battery and a power battery. The flow battery includes positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte and membrane. The corresponding flow battery includes positive and negative pumps, pipelines and storage tanks. For the power battery, the electrolyte is stored in the porous electrode, while for the flow battery, the positive and negative electrolyte flows through the positive and negative electrodes through the pump and pipeline and finally returns to the storage tank to realize the circulation of electrolyte in the electrode chamber and storage tank. In addition, the positive and negative electrode electrolyte is a neutral solution of zinc salt and manganese salt with specific composition. During charging, MnO.sub.2 of the positive electrode can be oxidized directly to α-MnO.sub.2. During discharge, MnO.sub.2 dissolves into Mn.sup.2+.

The neutral zinc manganese battery includes a neutral zinc manganese flow battery and a power battery. The flow battery includes positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte and membrane. The corresponding flow battery includes positive and negative pumps, pipelines and storage tanks. For the power battery, the electrolyte is stored in the porous electrode, while for the flow battery, the positive and negative electrolyte flows through the positive and negative electrodes through the pump and pipeline and finally returns to the storage tank to realize the circulation of electrolyte in the electrode chamber and storage tank. In addition, the positive and negative electrode electrolyte is a neutral solution of zinc salt and manganese salt with specific composition. During charging, MnO.sub.2 of the positive electrode can be oxidized directly to α-MnO.sub.2. During discharge, MnO.sub.2 dissolves into Mn.sup.2+.

The present disclosure relates to an electrolyte solution for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery and a lithium-sulfur secondary battery containing the same, and more particularly, to an electrolyte solution for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery comprising a lithium salt, a non-aqueous solvent and an additive, wherein the non-aqueous solvent comprises a linear ether and a cyclic ether, and the additive comprises a pyridine-based compound substituted with one or more fluorine.

A semiconductor solid state battery has an insulating layer provided between an N-type semiconductor and a P-type semiconductor. The first insulating layer preferably has a thickness of 3 nm to 30 μm and a dielectric constant of 10 or less. The first insulating layer preferably has a density of 60% or more of a bulk body. The semiconductor layer preferably has a capture level introduced. The semiconductor solid state battery can eliminate leakage of an electrolyte solution.

A semiconductor solid state battery has an insulating layer provided between an N-type semiconductor and a P-type semiconductor. The first insulating layer preferably has a thickness of 3 nm to 30 μm and a dielectric constant of 10 or less. The first insulating layer preferably has a density of 60% or more of a bulk body. The semiconductor layer preferably has a capture level introduced. The semiconductor solid state battery can eliminate leakage of an electrolyte solution.

Development of a flexible battery based on periodate/iodate-zinc system is disclosed. H.sub.3PO.sub.4—KCl dual quasi-solid electrolytes separated by an anion-exchange-membrane maintain the desired pH in electrodes and block unwanted ion movements. Poly(acrylic acid) fortifies the electrodes, enhances electrode flexibility, and avoids the free-flow of liquids. The NaMnIO.sub.6 shows a specific capacity of 650 mAg.sup.−1, approximately 81% of its theoretical capacity even when cells are bent. The overall technology is scalable by printing methods.

Development of a flexible battery based on periodate/iodate-zinc system is disclosed. H.sub.3PO.sub.4—KCl dual quasi-solid electrolytes separated by an anion-exchange-membrane maintain the desired pH in electrodes and block unwanted ion movements. Poly(acrylic acid) fortifies the electrodes, enhances electrode flexibility, and avoids the free-flow of liquids. The NaMnIO.sub.6 shows a specific capacity of 650 mAg.sup.−1, approximately 81% of its theoretical capacity even when cells are bent. The overall technology is scalable by printing methods.

A system and method for optimizing electrochemical cells including electrodes employing coordination compounds by mediating water content within a desired water content profile that includes sufficient coordinated water and reduces non-coordinated water below a desired target and with electrochemical cells including a coordination compound electrochemically active in one or more electrodes, with an improvement in electrochemical cell manufacture that relaxes standards for water content of electrochemical cells having one or more electrodes including one or more such transition metal cyanide coordination compounds.

A system and method for optimizing electrochemical cells including electrodes employing coordination compounds by mediating water content within a desired water content profile that includes sufficient coordinated water and reduces non-coordinated water below a desired target and with electrochemical cells including a coordination compound electrochemically active in one or more electrodes, with an improvement in electrochemical cell manufacture that relaxes standards for water content of electrochemical cells having one or more electrodes including one or more such transition metal cyanide coordination compounds.