Provided herein are intermediate frame systems and methods, comprising one or more arrays of channels on upper and/or lower edges of the intermediate frame wherein the channels are configured to provide a spatially uniform flow of electrolyte through the plane of the intermediate frame.

A transport device for lithium batteries in an aircraft, in particular in a hold, includes a container and a lid, lithium batteries being arranged in the container and the lid closing the container during transport of the lithium batteries. A shutoff valve neutralizes electrolyte released by the lithium batteries within the container or conveys the electrolyte to the outside.

A battery system includes an enclosure having opposed first and second major walls, a perimetral wall connecting the first and second major walls along respective perimeters thereof, and an interior defined by the first and second major walls and the perimetral wall, wherein the enclosure is configured for containing an anode assembly, a cathode assembly and an electrolyte within the interior. A longitudinal embossment is formed in the perimetral wall extending outward from the interior and extending along opposed adjacent portions of the first and second perimeters. A wall port is defined in the perimetral wall in fluid communication with the interior, wherein the wall port is configured for permitting flow of the electrolyte therethrough into and out of the interior. First and second electrodes extend through the perimetral wall and are configured for electrical connection with the anode assembly and cathode assembly, respectively.

An electrochemical-type power supply source is provided with: an electrochemical stack generating electric power, in the presence, internally, of electrolytic fluid, provided with a number of distinct groups of galvanic cells and of a corresponding number of electrolyte inlet pipes for introducing electrolyte into respective groups of galvanic cells and with electrolyte outlet pipes for extracting electrolyte from respective groups of galvanic cells; a main tank, fluidically coupled to the electrochemical stack and containing electrolytic fluid; and a recirculation system, defining a circulation path of the electrolytic fluid between the main tank and the electrochemical stack. A valve system that can be coupled to the electrolyte inlet and/or outlet pipes and operatively controllable to modify hydraulic and electric characteristics of the circulation path, in response to a power delivery condition by the power supply source.

The present invention provides a vacuum hopper precharger configured such that an electrolyte and gases contained in the electrolyte are suctioned by a vacuum hopper, the gases inside the electrolyte are discharged to the outside, and the electrolyte is stored in a vacuum nozzle of the vacuum hopper and then supplied into the secondary battery, thereby reducing defects of the secondary battery and lengthening the life thereof. The present invention comprises: a base frame 20 put in a floor and having an interior space 21; a gas removal part 30 installed on an upper portion of the interior space 21 and removing gases inside a secondary battery 100; an elevator 40 installed on a lower portion of the interior space 21 at an area corresponding to the gas removal part 30, receiving the secondary battery 100 on a top portion thereof, and moving the secondary battery 100 upward or downward; and a controller 50 controlling the gas removal part 30 and the elevator 40.

A secondary battery according to an embodiment includes a container, an electrolytic solution, a cathode and an anode, and a flow mechanism. The container includes an opening on a bottom surface thereof. The electrolytic solution is disposed in the container. The cathode and the anode are disposed in the electrolytic solution. The flow mechanism includes a generation part that is connected to the container via the opening and generates a gas bubble(s) in the container through the opening, and that causes the electrolytic solution to flow. A protrusion part that is positioned at an edge part of the opening and extends in upward and downward directions is disposed on the bottom surface.

A toggle electrode disposed on the bottom end of a battery assembly. The toggle electrode includes a rotating shaft and a toggle. The battery assembly includes a negative terminal of an input end soldered on the rotating shaft and a battery. The rotating shaft is connected to the toggle. The toggle is rotatable around the battery to contact or not contact the negative terminal of the battery. When the toggle is not in contact with the negative terminal of the battery, the battery is removable for replacement. The toggle is in contact with the negative terminal of the battery for electric conduction.

The present disclosure pertains to motion-generating particles for desulfation of lead-acid batteries, lead-acid batteries including such motion-generating particles, and methods of making and using the same. For example, the present disclosure provides a lead-acid battery including one or more electroactive plates disposed within a casing; an electrolyte disposed within the casing and surrounding the electroactive plates; a plurality of ferromagnetic particles disposed with the electrolyte within the casing; and one or more electromagnets. The one or more electromagnets may be configured to direct a magnetic field towards the electrolyte to selectively cause movement of the plurality of ferromagnetic particles so as to agitate the electrolyte.

A system for extending a range of an electric vehicle includes a graphene-based metal-air battery system (GMABS), an electrolyte management system (EMS), a flow management system (FMS), one or more auxiliary power sources, and a real-time monitoring and feedback system (RMS). The GMABS includes multiple cells electrically connected to each other and filled with an electrolyte for initiating a reaction to generate power. The EMS regulates a temperature of the electrolyte flowing through the cells. The FMS regulates a circulation of the electrolyte in the GMABS. At least one auxiliary power source is connected to the GMABS to receive and deliver the power to components of the electric vehicle. The RMS continuously computes and monitors a state of charge of each auxiliary power source in real time to facilitate a continuous power delivery to the electric vehicle, thereby extending the range of the electric vehicle.

Disclosed are an anodeless lithium secondary battery having improved lithium utilization and a method of manufacturing the same. The lithium secondary battery includes an anode current collector, a composite layer disposed on the anode current collector, an intermediate layer disposed on the composite layer, a cathode active material layer disposed on the intermediate layer, and a cathode current collector disposed on the cathode active material layer. The composite layer includes a carbon component, metal particles capable of alloying with lithium, a polymer binder capable of binding to the metal particles through electrostatic attraction, and a solid electrolyte interfacial layer coated on the metal particles.