A lithium ion battery is provided that includes: a positive electrode; a negative electrode; a separator comprising a material having a melt temperature of greater than 150° C.; and an electrolyte including an organic solvent and a lithium salt. A method for sterilizing a lithium ion battery is also provided that includes: providing a lithium ion battery (particularly one as described herein); either charging or discharging the battery to a state of charge (SOC) of 20% to 100%; and steam sterilizing the battery to form a sterilized lithium ion battery.

A lithium ion battery is provided that includes: a positive electrode; a negative electrode; a separator comprising a material having a melt temperature of greater than 150° C.; and an electrolyte including an organic solvent and a lithium salt. A method for sterilizing a lithium ion battery is also provided that includes: providing a lithium ion battery (particularly one as described herein); either charging or discharging the battery to a state of charge (SOC) of 20% to 100%; and steam sterilizing the battery to form a sterilized lithium ion battery.

An information calculation system acquires a battery load history of a secondary battery that has been used. The information calculation system calculates first degradation states of a plurality of battery constituent elements of the secondary battery, based on the battery load history acquired and a plurality of degradation factors related to each of the battery constituent elements. The information calculation system acquires estimated load information on a load that is estimated to act on the secondary battery when the secondary battery is used in a future application. The information calculation system calculates future second degradation states of the plurality of battery constituent elements of the secondary battery when the secondary battery is used in the future application, based on the first degradation states related to the battery constituent elements calculated, the estimated load information acquired, and the plurality of degradation factors related to the battery constituent elements.

A discharge energy recovery and formation capacity grading apparatus for a soft-package power battery comprises a rack, a condition-variable charge and discharge power box arranged on the rack, a battery formation capacity-grading clamping movement mechanism for clamping positive and negative electrode lugs of the soft-package power battery, a battery tray for, a movement mechanism control assembly for controlling the movement of the battery formation and capacity grading clamping movement mechanism, a safety protection sensor assembly, and a battery formation capacity-grading control mechanism. The charge and discharge power box, the battery formation capacity-grading clamping movement mechanism, the battery tray, the movement mechanism control assembly, and the safety protection sensor assembly are all in signal connection with the battery formation capacity-grading control mechanism. The power transmission end of the charge and discharge power box is electrically connected with the power transmission end of the battery formation capacity-grading clamping movement mechanism.

Provided is a post-treatment method of a lithium secondary battery including: an activation step of charging a heated lithium secondary battery to an activation voltage and maintaining the battery at the voltage, in a state in which the lithium secondary battery including a positive electrode including a nickel-rich (Ni-rich) lithium-transition metal composite oxide having a layered structure containing 0.8 moles or more of Ni based on a total of 1 mole of transition metals as a positive electrode active material; a negative electrode; a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; and an electrolyte solution, which are built in a battery case, is heated, the activation voltage being equal to or higher than a voltage generating phase transition of the lithium-transition metal composite oxide.

Various embodiments of the present technology may provide methods and apparatus for a battery. The apparatus may be configured to prevent leakage current from the battery to a number of sub-systems by selectively operating switches that connect the battery to the sub-systems. Operation of the switches may be based on whether the battery is charging or discharging and the capacity of the battery.

A method of diagnosing malfunctioning of a bypass diode in a solar photovoltaic battery system is provided. The method may include: collecting solar photovoltaic battery operation information indicating a solar photovoltaic battery operation state, from a signal of a solar photovoltaic battery detection unit, while maximum power point tracking control is performed with the solar photovoltaic battery system in operation; and determining whether or not the bypass diodes based on the collected solar photovoltaic battery operation information.

Methods and electronic devices for estimating state of charge (SOC) of a battery pack. Various embodiments provide a model comprising an (electrical) equivalent circuit model, an electrochemical (thermal) model, and a (convective) thermal model. The model estimates parameters pertaining to each cell of the battery pack individually, and determines the variations in the values of the parameters among each of the cells of the battery pack. The parameters include capacity, temperature current, voltage, and SOC. The parameters are computed based on at current drawn by the battery pack, electrochemical parameters, thermal parameters, and cell internal and connection resistances of the individual cells. Various embodiments compute battery pack uptime, chargeable capacity of the battery pack and SOC of the battery pack, based on the values of the parameters.

An embodiment is directed to a solid state electrolyte-comprising Li or Li-ion battery cell, comprising an anode electrode, a cathode electrode with an areal capacity loading that exceeds around 3.5 mAh/cm.sup.2, an ionically conductive separator layer that electrically separates the anode and cathode electrodes, and one or more solid electrolytes ionically coupling the anode and the cathode, wherein at least one of the one or more solid electrolytes or at least one solid electrolyte precursor of the one or more solid electrolytes is infiltrated into the solid state Li or Li-ion battery cell as a liquid.

An embodiment is directed to a solid state electrolyte-comprising Li or Li-ion battery cell, comprising an anode electrode, a cathode electrode with an areal capacity loading that exceeds around 3.5 mAh/cm.sup.2, an ionically conductive separator layer that electrically separates the anode and cathode electrodes, and one or more solid electrolytes ionically coupling the anode and the cathode, wherein at least one of the one or more solid electrolytes or at least one solid electrolyte precursor of the one or more solid electrolytes is infiltrated into the solid state Li or Li-ion battery cell as a liquid.