A heat exchanger for use with at least two battery modules, each of the battery modules comprising at least one battery cell housed within a rigid container, the heat exchanger defining an internal fluid passage for a heat exchanger fluid and having at least one compliant region that is configured to be compressed to facilitate thermal contact between the heat exchanger and the two battery modules.

A heat exchanger for use with at least two battery modules, each of the battery modules comprising at least one battery cell housed within a rigid container, the heat exchanger defining an internal fluid passage for a heat exchanger fluid and having at least one compliant region that is configured to be compressed to facilitate thermal contact between the heat exchanger and the two battery modules.

A heat exchanger for use with at least two battery modules, each of the battery modules comprising at least one battery cell housed within a rigid container, the heat exchanger defining an internal fluid passage for a heat exchanger fluid and having at least one compliant region that is configured to be compressed to facilitate thermal contact between the heat exchanger and the two battery modules.

A temperature control device (1) for a battery system (100) having a circulation system (10) with a temperature control unit (20) for controlling the temperature of at least one battery (110) of the battery system (100), and at least one power semiconductor (30) for disconnecting and establishing a flow of electrical current between the at least one battery (110) and a consumer (200) of the at least one battery (110), wherein the at least one power semiconductor (30) is assigned to the temperature control unit (20) in such a way that the temperature control unit (20) can be heated by waste heat of the at least one power semiconductor (30) which is produced during the disconnection and/or establishment of the flow of electrical current.

A temperature control device (1) for a battery system (100) having a circulation system (10) with a temperature control unit (20) for controlling the temperature of at least one battery (110) of the battery system (100), and at least one power semiconductor (30) for disconnecting and establishing a flow of electrical current between the at least one battery (110) and a consumer (200) of the at least one battery (110), wherein the at least one power semiconductor (30) is assigned to the temperature control unit (20) in such a way that the temperature control unit (20) can be heated by waste heat of the at least one power semiconductor (30) which is produced during the disconnection and/or establishment of the flow of electrical current.

Disclosed is a battery module, as well as a battery pack and a vehicle comprising the same. The battery module includes a plurality of battery cells arranged side by side to face each other in at least one direction, a cooling plate located below the plurality of battery cells, and a heat transfer tape adhered to the battery cells to transfer heat of the battery cells to the cooling plate.

A carbon material for catalyst carrier use excellent in both durability and power generation performance under operating conditions at the time of low humidity, in particular both durability of a carbon material for catalyst carrier use with respect to repeated load fluctuations due to startup and shutdown and power generation performance under operating conditions at the time of low humidity, and a catalyst for solid-polymer fuel cell use prepared using the same etc. are provided. To solve this technical problem, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a carbon material for catalyst carrier use satisfying the following (A) to (D): (A) an oxygen content O.sub.ICP of 0.1 to 3.0 mass % contained in the carbon material for catalyst carrier use; (B) a residual amount of oxygen O.sub.1200 C. of 0.1 to 1.5 mass % remaining after heat treatment in an inert gas (or vacuum) atmosphere at 1200 C.; (C) a BET specific surface area of 300 to 1500 m.sup.2/g; and (D) a G-band half-width G of 30 to 70 cm.sup.1 detected in a range of 1550 to 1650 cm.sup.1 of the Raman spectrum.

A carbon material for catalyst carrier use excellent in both durability and power generation performance under operating conditions at the time of low humidity, in particular both durability of a carbon material for catalyst carrier use with respect to repeated load fluctuations due to startup and shutdown and power generation performance under operating conditions at the time of low humidity, and a catalyst for solid-polymer fuel cell use prepared using the same etc. are provided. To solve this technical problem, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a carbon material for catalyst carrier use satisfying the following (A) to (D): (A) an oxygen content O.sub.ICP of 0.1 to 3.0 mass % contained in the carbon material for catalyst carrier use; (B) a residual amount of oxygen O.sub.1200 C. of 0.1 to 1.5 mass % remaining after heat treatment in an inert gas (or vacuum) atmosphere at 1200 C.; (C) a BET specific surface area of 300 to 1500 m.sup.2/g; and (D) a G-band half-width G of 30 to 70 cm.sup.1 detected in a range of 1550 to 1650 cm.sup.1 of the Raman spectrum.

A temperature detection element is allowed to more accurately detect a temperature of a battery pack.

A battery pack includes: a battery cell; a temperature detection element; and a thermally conductive member transferring heat of the battery cell to the temperature detection element.

An energy storage apparatus includes: one or more energy storage devices; and a first outer covering and a second outer covering arranged outside said one or more energy storage devices. The energy storage apparatus further includes: a weld portion which is a joint portion between the first outer covering and the second outer covering formed by joining the first outer covering and the second outer covering to each other by welding; a heat-susceptible object; and a heat shielding portion arranged between the weld portion and the heat-susceptible object.