A battery includes an air cathode, an anode, an aqueous electrolyte, and a housing, wherein the housing includes one or more air access ports defining a total vent area; the battery exhibits a cell limiting current at 1.15V; a ratio of cell limiting current at 1.15 V to total vent area is greater than about 100 mA/mm.sup.2; and the aqueous electrolyte includes an amphoteric fluorosurfactant.

A battery distribution unit includes a housing having a bottom mounted to a battery case of a battery module and having a component cavity with a contactor therein. The contactor has fixed contacts having terminating ends extending from a bottom end of a contactor housing. The BDU includes terminals at the bottom end of the contactor coupled to the terminating ends and a heat exchanger cap at the bottom end of the contactor. The heat exchanger cap is provided in the component cavity in thermal communication with the fixed contacts and in thermal communication with the battery case of the battery module to dissipate heat from the fixed contacts into the battery case of the battery module.

A battery distribution unit includes a housing having a bottom mounted to a battery case of a battery module and having a component cavity with a contactor therein. The contactor has fixed contacts having terminating ends extending from a bottom end of a contactor housing. The BDU includes terminals at the bottom end of the contactor coupled to the terminating ends and a heat exchanger cap at the bottom end of the contactor. The heat exchanger cap is provided in the component cavity in thermal communication with the fixed contacts and in thermal communication with the battery case of the battery module to dissipate heat from the fixed contacts into the battery case of the battery module.

A battery module is provided for a high-voltage accumulator of an electrically drivable motor vehicle, having one electric storage cell, two plate-shaped frame components which are arranged on the end faces and between which the electric storage cell is arranged, one plate-shaped heat sink with at least one cooling channel system which is connected to the electric storage cells in a thermally conductive manner, one fluid inlet which is communicatively connected to the cooling channel system via one first fluid connection, and one fluid outlet which is communicatively connected to the cooling channel system via at least one second fluid connection. The fluid inlet and the fluid outlet are arranged adjacently to a respective plate-shaped frame component remotely from the heat sink. To reduce the assembly complexity associated with the assembly, the battery module has at least one clamping device. The fluid connection having the first connection unit has at least one second connection unit which is communicatively connected to the cooling channel system, and the two connection units can be clamped against each other by the clamping device. The second connection unit is arranged adjacently to the respective plate-shaped frame component remotely from the heat sink and is connected to the plate-shaped heat sink at the end face, and the fluid line is connected to at least one of the two connection units via at least one seal.

An in-vehicle battery module includes a plurality of cylindrical battery cells, a battery cell holder, a protective case, a vent cover provided such that the battery cell holder is positioned between the protective case and the vent cover, the vent cover and the battery cell holder disposed such that a vent space in which gas discharged from an end face on a second-electrode side of the cylindrical battery cell flows is provided between the vent cover and the battery cell holder, at least one first-electrode bus bar, at least one second-electrode bus bar provided in the vent space, and a support member disposed partially in the vent space and the support member being configured to support the second-electrode bus bar from the vent cover side.

Provided herein are energy storage devices. In some cases, the energy storage devices are capable of being transported on a vehicle and storing a large amount of energy. An energy storage device is provided comprising at least one liquid metal electrode, an energy storage capacity of at least about 1 MWh and a response time less than or equal to about 100 milliseconds (ms).

Provided herein are energy storage devices. In some cases, the energy storage devices are capable of being transported on a vehicle and storing a large amount of energy. An energy storage device is provided comprising at least one liquid metal electrode, an energy storage capacity of at least about 1 MWh and a response time less than or equal to about 100 milliseconds (ms).

The present invention provides a fiber-reinforced aerogel material which can be used as insulation in thermal battery applications. The fiber-reinforced aerogel material is highly durable, flexible, and has a thermal performance that exceeds the insulation materials currently used in thermal battery applications. The fiber-reinforced aerogel insulation material can be as thin as 1 mm less, and can have a thickness variation as low as 2% or less. Also provided is a method for improving the performance of a thermal battery by incorporating a reinforced aerogel material into the thermal battery. Further provided is a casting method for producing thin fiber-reinforced aerogel materials.

The present invention provides a fiber-reinforced aerogel material which can be used as insulation in thermal battery applications. The fiber-reinforced aerogel material is highly durable, flexible, and has a thermal performance that exceeds the insulation materials currently used in thermal battery applications. The fiber-reinforced aerogel insulation material can be as thin as 1 mm less, and can have a thickness variation as low as 2% or less. Also provided is a method for improving the performance of a thermal battery by incorporating a reinforced aerogel material into the thermal battery. Further provided is a casting method for producing thin fiber-reinforced aerogel materials.

The present invention provides a battery compression inhibitor and a battery module comprising the same, the battery compression inhibitor being suitable for preventing at least one battery assembly from being compressed by repeated application of an external force between end plates. The battery compression inhibitor according to the present invention comprises, in order to protect a battery assembly inside a battery module: a barrier positioned on the periphery of the battery assembly and exposed from the battery assembly; and a base plate exposed from the battery assembly and from the barrier below the battery assembly and below the barrier.