Provided is a battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolytic solution, and a particle-containing resin layer that contains particles and a resin. A shape of the particles includes a plane, a plane rate of the particles is greater than 40% and equal to or less than 100%, and a refractive index of the particles is equal to or greater than 1.3 and less than 2.4.

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a single-layer or multi-layer porous film, said method comprising the following steps: a) providing a flowable first base mixture for a first film layer of the film, the first base mixture comprising a solvent, a filler that is insoluble in the solvent, and a polymeric binder that is dissolved in the solvent; b) forming a film precursor film, the film precursor film comprising at least one sub-layer composed of the first base mixture; c) bringing the film precursor film into contact with a precipitant, the solvent of the first base mixture being soluble in the precipitant, the binder being insoluble in the precipitant, and the binder being precipitated to form the porous film. The invention also relates to a film manufactured using said method, an electrode material manufactured from said film, and an energy storage medium comprising said electrode material.

A separator for a lithium secondary battery, including: a porous polymer substrate; and a crosslinked porous coating layer on at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate. The crosslinked porous coating layer includes inorganic particles and a crosslinkable binder polymer crosslinked through urethane crosslinking. The separator has improved heat resistance as compared to the conventional separators and maintains adhesion to an electrode. A lithium secondary battery including the separator is also disclosed.

A secondary battery configured so as to comprise: a plurality of positive electrodes each including a positive electrode core and a positive electrode active substance disposed on the positive electrode core; a plurality of negative electrodes each including a negative electrode core and a negative electrode active substance disposed upon the negative electrode core; at least one separator; and an adhesive coated so as to have a substantially constant area density on at least one side surface in the thickness direction of the separator. The secondary battery includes a laminated section in which the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes are alternately stacked, having the separator therebetween. The area of adhered sections adhered by the adhesive is greater on the outside in the lamination direction of the laminated section than on the inside in the lamination direction.

A secondary battery configured so as to comprise: a plurality of positive electrodes each including a positive electrode core and a positive electrode active substance disposed on the positive electrode core; a plurality of negative electrodes each including a negative electrode core and a negative electrode active substance disposed upon the negative electrode core; at least one separator; and an adhesive coated so as to have a substantially constant area density on at least one side surface in the thickness direction of the separator. The secondary battery includes a laminated section in which the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes are alternately stacked, having the separator therebetween. The area of adhered sections adhered by the adhesive is greater on the outside in the lamination direction of the laminated section than on the inside in the lamination direction.

A battery pack includes a plurality of stacked battery assemblies and an insulating spacer. The battery assemblies are provided with a pair of unit cells stacked in a thickness direction. Each unit cell includes a cell body having a power generation element and a flat shape, and an electrode tab protruding out from the cell body. The spacer is disposed between electrode tabs of the pair of the unit cells holding the electrode tabs and is electrically connected in the battery assemblies. A pair of the electrode tabs has distal end portions electrically connecting adjacent battery assemblies of the battery assemblies to each other. The distal end portions are bent in the stacking direction on a side of a surface of the insulating spacer. The distal end portions are positioned on opposite sides of the cell body. The distal end portions that are bent are electrically connected to each other.

A lithium ion conducting protective film produced using a layer-by-layer assembly process. The lithium ion conducting protective film is assembled on a substrate by a sequential exposure of the substrate to a first poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) layer including a cross-linking silane component on the first side of the substrate, a graphene oxide (GO) layer on the first PEO layer, a second poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) layer including a cross-linking silane component on the GO layer and a poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) layer on the second PEO layer. The film functions as a lithium ion conducting protective film that isolates the lithium anode from the positive electrochemistry of the cathode in a lithium-air battery, thereby preventing undesirable lithium dendrite growth.

A lithium ion conducting protective film produced using a layer-by-layer assembly process. The lithium ion conducting protective film is assembled on a substrate by a sequential exposure of the substrate to a first poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) layer including a cross-linking silane component on the first side of the substrate, a graphene oxide (GO) layer on the first PEO layer, a second poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) layer including a cross-linking silane component on the GO layer and a poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) layer on the second PEO layer. The film functions as a lithium ion conducting protective film that isolates the lithium anode from the positive electrochemistry of the cathode in a lithium-air battery, thereby preventing undesirable lithium dendrite growth.

An electrochemical device, which is a non-aqueous electrochemical device, comprising a polymer (P) enclosed in an inside of the electrochemical device, wherein the polymer (P) is a polymer having a molecular structure containing a unit (P) represented by the following formula (P), the polymer (P) having a weight-average molecular weight of greater than 50,000, as well as an electrode for an electrochemical device, a coating liquid for an electrochemical device, an insulating layer for an electrochemical device, an undercoat layer for an electrochemical device, and an electrolytic solution for an electrochemical device including the polymer (P) and other ingredients:

##STR00001## in the formula (P), R.sup.P is a group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

A polyethylene powder satisfying (Requirements 1 to 3):

(Requirement 1): viscosity-average molecular weight (Mv) is 200,000 or more and 3,000,000 or less
(Requirement 2): complex viscosity |η*|.sub.m obtained by measurement under predetermined <Conditions for Measurement of Slurry Viscoelasticity>satisfies the following formula (1):
590.0×(Mv×10.sup.−4).sup.1.18≥|η*|.sub.m≥13.3×(Mv×10.sup.−4).sup.1.18 (1)
(Requirement 3): a value of any peak when d(log|η*|)/dT is plotted against temperature is 1.0 or more and 3.0 or less.