A unit cell can be used for a metasurface, metamaterial, or beamforming antenna. The unit cell includes a metal layer attached to a substrate. The metal layer defines an iris opening for the unit cell. One or more tunable capacitance devices are positioned within or across the iris opening. Each tunable capacitance device is to tune resonance frequency of the unit cell. Mass transfer technologies or self-assembly processes may be used to position the tunable capacitance devices.

This document describes techniques, apparatuses, and systems for a multi-layer air waveguide with layer-to-layer connections. Each pre-formed layer of the air waveguide is attached to at least one other pre-formed layer by a mechanical interface. The mechanical interface may be a stud-based interface, a snap fastener-based interface, a ball-and-socket based interface, or a pressure contact interface utilizing irregular roughed surfaces of each pre-formed layer. The mechanical interfaces of the pre-formed layers structurally hold the air waveguide together and electrically couple all of the pre-formed layers. In this manner, the cost of manufacturing the air waveguide antennas may be less expensive than previous manufacturing processes.

This document describes techniques, apparatuses, and systems for a multi-layer air waveguide with layer-to-layer connections. Each pre-formed layer of the air waveguide is attached to at least one other pre-formed layer by a mechanical interface. The mechanical interface may be a stud-based interface, a snap fastener-based interface, a ball-and-socket based interface, or a pressure contact interface utilizing irregular roughed surfaces of each pre-formed layer. The mechanical interfaces of the pre-formed layers structurally hold the air waveguide together and electrically couple all of the pre-formed layers. In this manner, the cost of manufacturing the air waveguide antennas may be less expensive than previous manufacturing processes.

Monodirectional antennas may be arranged to radiate in a near omni-directional pattern. By incorporating switches into the antenna arrangement, the antennas can be controlled to selectively radiate from a common radiofrequency feed. These arrangements may be packaged in a housing, which may aid both in antenna performance and in antenna installation. According to another aspect of the disclosure, housings may include a plurality of antennas, and one or more procedures may be implemented to determine a codebook to radiate from the circular arrangement according to various beam constrains.

The present disclosure relates to a radiation assembly, a waveguide antenna sub-arrays, and a waveguide array antenna. The radiation assembly for the waveguide array antenna comprises: a first radiation layer having a plurality of first radiation windows, each of the plurality of first radiation windows has a metal grid that divides the corresponding first radiation window into two radiation holes; and a second radiation layer having a plurality of second radiation windows, the plurality of second radiation windows has a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first radiation windows, and the plurality of second radiation windows of the second radiation layer do not have a metal grid. The thickness of the second radiation layer is greater than the thickness of the first radiation layer, and the first radiation layer and the second radiation layer are manufactured independently of each other.

The present invention provides an open-aperture waveguide fed slot antenna including a feeding section on a substrate integrated waveguide, an H-shaped slot, a matched end, and a bottom metal layer. One end of the feeding section is open and connected to the slot, providing energy feeding to the slot. A long side of the center section of the slot is connected to a top metal part of the feeding section. Another side is connected to the matching end. The matching end includes metal which is connected to the slot, the metallic via wall and the bottom metal of the feeding section which is connected to the metallic via wall. The antenna has high gain, wide gain bandwidth, a simple structure, and low processing cost and can be applied to millimeter-wave frequency bands as well as other frequency bands.

The present invention provides an open-aperture waveguide fed slot antenna including a feeding section on a substrate integrated waveguide, an H-shaped slot, a matched end, and a bottom metal layer. One end of the feeding section is open and connected to the slot, providing energy feeding to the slot. A long side of the center section of the slot is connected to a top metal part of the feeding section. Another side is connected to the matching end. The matching end includes metal which is connected to the slot, the metallic via wall and the bottom metal of the feeding section which is connected to the metallic via wall. The antenna has high gain, wide gain bandwidth, a simple structure, and low processing cost and can be applied to millimeter-wave frequency bands as well as other frequency bands.

A unit cell can be used for a metasurface, metamaterial, or beamforming antenna. The unit cell includes a metal layer attached to a substrate. The metal layer defines an iris opening for the unit cell. One or more tunable capacitance devices are positioned within or across the iris opening. Each tunable capacitance device is to tune resonance frequency of the unit cell. Mass transfer technologies or self-assembly processes may be used to position the tunable capacitance devices.

A unit cell can be used for a metasurface, metamaterial, or beamforming antenna. The unit cell includes a metal layer attached to a substrate. The metal layer defines an iris opening for the unit cell. One or more tunable capacitance devices are positioned within or across the iris opening. Each tunable capacitance device is to tune resonance frequency of the unit cell. Mass transfer technologies or self-assembly processes may be used to position the tunable capacitance devices.

This elementary antenna includes a cavity delimited by front and rear faces and side walls, the front face being provided with first and second slots arranged in a cross, so that, when the cavity operates in a TE210 mode, a wave polarized perpendicularly to the first slot is emitted and when the cavity operates in a TE120 mode, a wave polarized perpendicularly to the second slot is emitted. This elementary antenna is characterized in that the rear face is brought to a reference electric potential, and in that the elementary antenna includes an excitation device, such as a metallized via, capable of exciting the front face through the cavity, the excitation device exciting the front face at a plurality of excitation points, distributed over the front face and presenting a common predefined impedance