A scanning antenna includes a transmission and/or reception region including a plurality of antenna units and a non-transmission and/or reception region other than the transmission and/or reception region. The scanning antenna includes a TFT substrate, a slot substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a seal portion surrounding the liquid crystal layer, a wall structure (additional seal portion) disposed in a region surrounded by the seal portion in the non-transmission and/or reception region, a reflective conductive plate, a first spacer structure defining a first gap between a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate in the transmission and/or reception region, and a second spacer structure disposed in the wall structure and defining a second gap wider than the first gap. The wall structure includes a first main side face and a second main side face that intersect a surface of the first dielectric substrate, and at least one of the first main side face and the second main side face includes a plurality of recessed portions and/or a plurality of protruding portions when viewed from a normal direction of the first dielectric substrate.

This document describes a single-layer air waveguide antenna integrated on a circuit board. The waveguide guides electromagnetic energy through channels filled with air. It is formed from a single layer of material, such as a sheet of metal, metal-coated plastic, or other material with conductive surfaces that is attached to a circuit board. A portion of a surface of the circuit board is configured as a floor of the channels filled with air. This floor is an electrical interface between the circuit board and the channels filled with air. The single layer of material is positioned atop this electrical interface to define walls and a ceiling of the channels filled with air. The single layer of material can be secured to the circuit board in various ways. The cost of integrating an air waveguide antenna on to a circuit board this way may be less expensive than other waveguide-manufacturing techniques.

This document describes a single-layer air waveguide antenna integrated on a circuit board. The waveguide guides electromagnetic energy through channels filled with air. It is formed from a single layer of material, such as a sheet of metal, metal-coated plastic, or other material with conductive surfaces that is attached to a circuit board. A portion of a surface of the circuit board is configured as a floor of the channels filled with air. This floor is an electrical interface between the circuit board and the channels filled with air. The single layer of material is positioned atop this electrical interface to define walls and a ceiling of the channels filled with air. The single layer of material can be secured to the circuit board in various ways. The cost of integrating an air waveguide antenna on to a circuit board this way may be less expensive than other waveguide-manufacturing techniques.

The present invention provides an open-aperture waveguide fed slot antenna including a feeding section on a substrate integrated waveguide, an H-shaped slot, a matched end, and a bottom metal layer. One end of the feeding section is open and connected to the slot, providing energy feeding to the slot. A long side of the center section of the slot is connected to a top metal part of the feeding section. Another side is connected to the matching end. The matching end includes metal which is connected to the slot, the metallic via wall and the bottom metal of the feeding section which is connected to the metallic via wall. The antenna has high gain, wide gain bandwidth, a simple structure, and low processing cost and can be applied to millimeter-wave frequency bands as well as other frequency bands.

The present invention provides an open-aperture waveguide fed slot antenna including a feeding section on a substrate integrated waveguide, an H-shaped slot, a matched end, and a bottom metal layer. One end of the feeding section is open and connected to the slot, providing energy feeding to the slot. A long side of the center section of the slot is connected to a top metal part of the feeding section. Another side is connected to the matching end. The matching end includes metal which is connected to the slot, the metallic via wall and the bottom metal of the feeding section which is connected to the metallic via wall. The antenna has high gain, wide gain bandwidth, a simple structure, and low processing cost and can be applied to millimeter-wave frequency bands as well as other frequency bands.

A waveguide antenna system, includes: an electromagnetic, EM, transition portion having a transition region having a signal feed interface and an open waveguide section, the EM transition portion configured to couple EM energy from the signal feed interface to a guided waveguide mode of EM energy to the open waveguide section via the transition region; and a leaky waveguide antenna portion configured and disposed to radiate electromagnetic energy received from the open waveguide section; wherein the EM transition portion is electromagnetically coupled to the leaky waveguide antenna portion, the EM transition portion being configured to support a transfer of electromagnetic energy from a signal feed structure to the leaky waveguide antenna portion.

Waveguide slot array antennas each having slots, that transmit or receive electromagnetic waves and that are formed in a front surface of a waveguide and waveguide slot array antennas each having slots that transmit or receive electromagnetic waves and that are formed in a front surface of a waveguide, and the waveguide slot array antennas and the waveguide slot array antennas are alternately arranged, the waveguide is a ridge waveguide having a ridge formed inside the waveguide, and the waveguide is a ridge waveguide having ridges, formed inside the waveguide.

Waveguide slot array antennas each having slots, that transmit or receive electromagnetic waves and that are formed in a front surface of a waveguide and waveguide slot array antennas each having slots that transmit or receive electromagnetic waves and that are formed in a front surface of a waveguide, and the waveguide slot array antennas and the waveguide slot array antennas are alternately arranged, the waveguide is a ridge waveguide having a ridge formed inside the waveguide, and the waveguide is a ridge waveguide having ridges, formed inside the waveguide.

Examples disclosed herein relate to a Meta-Structure (“MTS”) antenna system with adaptive frequency-based power compensation. The MTS antenna system includes a radiating array structure having a plurality of radiating elements, and a transmission array structure coupled to the radiating array structure and feeding a transmission signal through to the radiating array structure. The transmission array structure has a plurality of super element transmission paths, each having a plurality of vias to form transmission paths and a plurality of slots for feeding the transmission signal to the radiating array structure, and a plurality of power amplifiers coupled to an adaptive feedback module, each power amplifier coupled to a super element transmission path, the adaptive feedback module to adjust a power gain at a center frequency.

Examples disclosed herein relate to a Meta-Structure (“MTS”) antenna system with adaptive frequency-based power compensation. The MTS antenna system includes a radiating array structure having a plurality of radiating elements, and a transmission array structure coupled to the radiating array structure and feeding a transmission signal through to the radiating array structure. The transmission array structure has a plurality of super element transmission paths, each having a plurality of vias to form transmission paths and a plurality of slots for feeding the transmission signal to the radiating array structure, and a plurality of power amplifiers coupled to an adaptive feedback module, each power amplifier coupled to a super element transmission path, the adaptive feedback module to adjust a power gain at a center frequency.