The ultrafast pulse fiber laser system is configured with scalable output power and operative to reduce degradation of pulse integrity. The disclosed laser system is configured to suppress the pulse distortion through improvement of initial pulse contrast between main and side pulses and improved pulse shape using chirped pulse amplification and a fast intensity modulator driver by a corrected electrical signal that is generated from the original optical signal. The structure providing the improvement includes the photodiode, which is operative to measure the chirped optical pulse and convert it to the electrical signal, and analog electronics that quickly converts the electrical signal to the required signal that suppress the side pulses.

A frequency double or mixing laser includes a laser pump, a rear optical element, a Brewster window, a laser generator medium, an output coupler and a nonlinear crystal located inside the resonator cavity. The nonlinear crystal may be located inside the resonator cavity before the output coupler. The laser may further include at least one optical element that controls the phase or/and the amplitude of the fundamental laser beam to a high-order.

A laser beam positioning system of a laser-based specimen processing system produces at beam positioner stage, from a fully fiber-coupled optics phased array laser beam steering system, a steered laser input beam. System directs beam through one or more other beam positioner stages to form a processing laser beam that processes target features of a workpiece mounted on a support.

A laser system including a seed laser, a laser beam splitting and combining subsystem receiving an output from the seed laser and providing a combined laser output having noise and a noise cancellation subsystem operative to provide a noise cancellation phase correction output based on taking into consideration the noise at intermittent times, the laser beam splitting and combining subsystem varying a phase of the combined laser output during time interstices between the intermittent times.

In an ultrastable laser, using a large mode-volume optical resonator, which suppresses the resonator's fast thermal fluctuations, together with the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) optical nonlinearity presents a powerful combination that enables the ability to lase with an ultra-narrow linewidth of 20 Hz. The laser's long-term temperature drift is compensated by using the narrow Brillouin line to sense minute changes in the resonator's temperature (e.g., changes of 85 nK). The precision of this temperature measurement enables the stabilization of resonators against environmental perturbations.

A laser system including: A. a laser apparatus configured to output a pulse laser beam; B. an optical pulse stretcher including a delay optical path for expanding a pulse width of the pulse laser beam; and C. a phase optical element included in the delay optical path and having a function of spatially and randomly shifting a phase of the pulse laser beam. The phase optical element includes a plurality of types of cells providing different amounts of phase shift to the pulse laser beam and arranged irregularly in any direction.

A laser pulse includes a flat top shape. Another aspects provides a method and system for creating laser pulse amplification with a flat top and/or square shape, by only using phase modulation. In yet another aspect, a method and system create a flat top and/or square-shaped laser pulse in a reversible manner such that the stretched spectrum can be recompressed to their original duration with essentially no loss of pulse energy. A further aspect includes a method of making a fixed optic capable to creating flat top or square pulse amplification.

A method and system for adjusting the profile of a laser wavefront formed by at least a laser beam to a desired laser wavefront profile, the laser beam or beams presenting random phases and intensities, comprises a mixing module, configured to generate, from interference phenomena among the laser beam or beams, a laser field, a second intensity measuring module configured to measure the mixed intensities of the laser field portions, a calculation unit configured to calculate one or several phase correction values of the phase of the laser beam or the phases of laser beams, from the intensities of the laser beams, the mixed intensities and one or several predetermined target phases, and a phase adjustment module configured to apply the phase correction value or values obtained from the calculation unit to the laser beam phases.

This application describes a wavelength-tunable laser apparatus, which reduces complexity of wavelength tuning of a laser. The laser includes a reflective gain unit, an optical phase shifter, a coupler, and a passive filter unit array. Furthermore, an output port of the reflective gain unit is connected to an input port of the optical phase shifter, an output port of the optical phase shifter is connected to an input port of the coupler, a first output port of the coupler is connected to an input port of the passive filter unit array, and a second output port of the coupler is an output port of the laser. The passive filter unit array includes a plurality of passive filter units, where any two of the plurality of passive filter units have different wavelength tuning ranges, and each filter unit has a linearly tunable wavelength.

A hybrid coherent beam combining (CBC) and spectral beam combining (SBC) fiber laser amplifier system including a beam shaper array assembly and a beam source that provides a plurality of beams having a low fill factor profile. The assembly includes an input beam shaper array having a plurality of rectilinear input cells positioned adjacent to each other that are shaped to cause the beam to expand as it propagates away from the input array to be converted from the low fill factor profile to a high fill factor profile. The assembly further includes an output beam shaper array having a plurality of output cells positioned adjacent to each other that are shaped to cause the beam to stop expanding so that the output array provides a plurality of adjacent beams with minimal overlap and a minimal gap between the beams.