A stabilized laser source includes a fiber-ring Brillouin laser that incorporates a circulator for non-reciprocal operation and for launching of a pump optical signal. Most of the pump optical signal is launched in a forward direction and drives Brillouin laser oscillation in the backward direction, a portion of which exits via an optical coupler as the optical output of the laser source. A small fraction of the pump optical signal is launched in the backward direction via the optical coupler, and a fraction of that backward-propagating pump optical signal exits via the optical coupler as an optical feedback signal. A frequency-locking mechanism receives the optical feedback signal and controls the pump optical frequency to maintain resonant propagation of the backward-propagating pump optical signal. A second pump optical signal can be launched in the forward direction to generate a second Brillouin laser oscillation.

Disclosed herein is a single pulse laser apparatus that includes: a resonator having a first mirror, a second mirror, a gain medium, an electro-optic modulator (EOM) configured to perform single pulse switching, and an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) configured to perform mode-locking; a photodiode configured to measure a laser beam oscillated in the resonator; a synchronizer configured to convert an electrical signal, which is generated by measuring the laser beam, into a transistor-transistor logic (TTL) signal; a delay unit configured to set a delay time for the TTL signal to synchronize the EOM and the AOM and output a trigger TTL signal according to the delay time; an AOM driver configured to input the trigger TTL signal to the AOM that performs mode-locking and drive the AOM; and an EOM driver configured to input the trigger TTL signal to the EOM that performs single pulse switching and drive the EOM.

The present invention discloses a high-peak-power single-frequency narrow-linewidth nanosecond fiber laser based on a triangular pulse, wherein the laser includes: pulsed laser generated by the laser seed injecting into a first power pre-amplifier through a first isolator, and then injecting into a second pre-amplifier and then injecting into a power amplifier; wherein triangle-shaped pulsed laser with fast rising edge is obtained by using electro-optic and acousto-optic modulator to modulate continuous wave single-frequency laser or a single-frequency semiconductor laser directly modulated by radio frequency signal; single-frequency triangle-shaped pulsed laser is employed as the laser source according to the characteristics of narrow intrinsic linewidth and suppression of linewidth broadening caused by SPM, and the power of pulsed laser is amplified through the MOPA system.

Compact optical frequency sources are described. The comb source may include an intra-cavity optical element having a multi-material integrated structure with an electrically controllable active region. The active region may comprise a thin film. By way of example, the thin film and an insulating dielectric material disposed between two electrodes can provide for rapid loss modulation. In some embodiments the thin film may comprise graphene. In various embodiments of a frequency comb laser, rapid modulation of the CEO frequency can be implemented via electric modulation of the transmission or reflection loss of an additional optical element, which can be the saturable absorber itself. In another embodiment, the thin film can also be used as a saturable absorber in order to facilitate passive modelocking. In some implementations the optical element may be formed on a cleaved or polished end of an optical fiber.

Provided is a single pulse laser apparatus. The apparatus including a resonator having a first mirror, a second mirror, a gain medium, and electro-optic modulators (EOMs) which perform each mode-locking and Q-switching, the apparatus includes a photodiode which measures laser light that oscillates from the resonator, a synchronizer which converts an electrical signal generated by measuring the laser light into a transistor-transistor logic (TTL) signal, a delay unit which sets a latency determined in order to synchronize a mode-locked pulse with a Q-switched pulse to the TTL signal, and outputs a trigger TTL signal according to the latency, and a Q-driver which inputs the trigger TTL signal to the EOM which performs Q-switching, and causes the EOM to operates.

A laser processing method of performing laser processing on a transparent material that is transparent to ultraviolet light by using a laser processing system includes: performing relative positioning of a transfer position of a transfer image and the transparent material in an optical axis direction of a pulse laser beam so that the transfer position is set at a position inside the transparent material at a predetermined depth ΔZsf from a surface of the transparent material in the optical axis direction; and irradiating the transparent material with the pulse laser beam having a pulse width of 1 ns to 100 ns inclusive and a beam diameter of 10 μm to 150 μm inclusive at the transfer position.

An optical fiber cleaving apparatus that employs a microchip laser system for cleaving an optical fiber is disclosed. The microchip laser system is operably arranged relative to an optical system that receives an initial laser beam and forms a focused laser beam that includes a focus spot. The focus spot is directed to the outer surface of the optical fiber to create an optical damage zone that includes at least one micro-crack necessary for performing the cleaving operation. Methods of aligning the optical fiber to the focus spot and performing the cleaving operation using the cleaving apparatus are also disclosed.

An example laser system includes a laser, a plurality of pulse stretchers coupled together in series, a feedback module, and a lens assembly. The plurality of pulse stretchers is configured to stretch pulse widths of laser pulses provided by the laser and to output stretched laser pulses. The feedback module includes a pulse delay comparator that is configured to compare a first laser pulse of the laser pulses to a corresponding first stretched laser pulse of the stretched laser pulses. The feedback module also includes a computing device that is configured to determine, based on a result of the comparing by the pulse delay comparator, an adjustment to a pulse stretcher of the plurality of pulse stretchers, and apply the adjustment to the pulse stretcher so as to modify a shape of a second stretched laser pulse of the stretched laser pulses.

Apparatuses and methods are disclosed for applying laser energy having desired pulse characteristics, including a sufficiently short duration and/or a sufficiently high energy for the photomechanical treatment of skin pigmentations and pigmented lesions, both naturally-occurring (e.g., birthmarks), as well as artificial (e.g., tattoos). The laser energy may be generated with an apparatus having a resonator with the capability of switching between a modelocked pulse operating mode and an amplification operating mode. The operating modes are carried out through the application of a time-dependent bias voltage, having waveforms as described herein, to an electro-optical device positioned along the optical axis of the resonator.

An optoelectronic oscillator for generating an optical and/or electric pulse comb, comprising a monolithically integrated passively mode-coupled semiconductor laser and an optical feedback loop which guides a part of the optical radiation of the semiconductor laser and feeds said part back into the semiconductor laser as feedback pulses. Without the influence of the feedback pulses, the semiconductor laser would emit comb-like optical pulses, hereafter referred to as primary pulses, and in the event of an influence, emits comb-like output pulses which have been influenced by the feedback pulses, said output pulses having a lower temporal jitter or less phase noise than the primary pulses. The feedback loop is damped between 27.5 and 37.5 dB, and the time lag of the feedback loop is selected such that each feedback pulse is incident within the temporal half-value width of each subsequent primary pulse.