Disclosed is a current-injection organic semiconductor laser diode comprising a pair of electrodes, an optical resonator structure, and one or more organic layers including a light amplification layer composed of an organic semiconductor, which has a sufficient overlap between the distribution of excitor density and the electric field intensity distribution of the resonant optical mode during current injection to emit laser light.

Disclosed is an electrically driven organic semiconductor laser diode comprising a pair of electrodes, an optical resonator structure having a distributed feedback (DFB) structure, and one or more organic layers including a light amplification layer composed of an organic semiconductor, in which the distributed feedback structure is composed of a first-order Bragg scattering region, a two-dimensional distributed feedback, or a circular distributed feedback.

Disclosed is an electrically driven organic semiconductor laser diode comprising a pair of electrodes, an optical resonator structure having a distributed feedback (DFB) structure, and one or more organic layers including a light amplification layer composed of an organic semiconductor, in which the distributed feedback structure is composed of a first-order Bragg scattering region, a two-dimensional distributed feedback, or a circular distributed feedback.

Embodiments of this invention relate to and, more particularly, to solid state lighting, digital displays, conversion of electrical energy to light, low onset gain saturated stimulate emission, light production with high efficiency and high output per area, and light production while limiting material degradation, and may also be applied in optical or quantum information processing and networking. Embodimenta of this invention comprise spectroscopic configurations having a radiative transition to a depopulated state and an optical configuration having sufficient Q such that the combination allows onset of gain saturation with a small excited state population or low current density, thus enabling production of light in a mode with near total output coupling, high efficiency, high output, low roll-off and attenuation of losses and degradation processes.

A printing head module, system and method for printing laser light sources. The printing head module comprises one or more printing heads used for printing a plurality of laser light sources on a substrate successively or once for all; ink used for printing comprises a luminescent dye and a host material, as well as a solvent. The system comprises a printing head module and an ink cartridge; the printing head module is used for inkjet printing the laser light sources on the substrate; the ink cartridge is used for storing ink. By means of the technical solution, industrial manufacturing of the laser light sources is achieved, and speckles caused by laser coherence are eliminated.

A printing head module, system and method for printing laser light sources. The printing head module comprises one or more printing heads used for printing a plurality of laser light sources on a substrate successively or once for all; ink used for printing comprises a luminescent dye and a host material, as well as a solvent. The system comprises a printing head module and an ink cartridge; the printing head module is used for inkjet printing the laser light sources on the substrate; the ink cartridge is used for storing ink. By means of the technical solution, industrial manufacturing of the laser light sources is achieved, and speckles caused by laser coherence are eliminated.

A method of generating a light-matter hybrid species of charged polaritons at room temperature includes providing an organic semiconductor microcavity being a doped organic semiconductor sandwiched in a microcavity capable of generating an optical resonance and coupling light to the polaron optical transition in the organic semiconductor microcavity thereby forming polaron-polaritons. The doped organic semiconductor may be a hole/electron transport material having a polaron absorption coefficient exceeding 10.sup.2 cm.sup.−1 and capable of generating a polaron optical transition with a linewidth smaller than a predetermined threshold. The optical resonance of the microcavity has a resonance frequency matched with the polaron optical transition.

A method of generating a light-matter hybrid species of charged polaritons at room temperature includes providing an organic semiconductor microcavity being a doped organic semiconductor sandwiched in a microcavity capable of generating an optical resonance and coupling light to the polaron optical transition in the organic semiconductor microcavity thereby forming polaron-polaritons. The doped organic semiconductor may be a hole/electron transport material having a polaron absorption coefficient exceeding 10.sup.2 cm.sup.−1 and capable of generating a polaron optical transition with a linewidth smaller than a predetermined threshold. The optical resonance of the microcavity has a resonance frequency matched with the polaron optical transition.

A compound of the formula (1) exhibits high photoluminescence quantum yields, high radiative decay constant and low ASE thresholds from solution-processed neat and blend films. Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 are aryl groups, L is a divalent group having a group of the formula (2), and R is H or a diarylamino group. At least one alkyl group having at least five carbon atoms which are bonded is present in the formula (1).

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A compound of the formula (1) exhibits high photoluminescence quantum yields, high radiative decay constant and low ASE thresholds from solution-processed neat and blend films. Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 are aryl groups, L is a divalent group having a group of the formula (2), and R is H or a diarylamino group. At least one alkyl group having at least five carbon atoms which are bonded is present in the formula (1).

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