A switch gear system is described. In some implementations, a switch gear arrestor system can include a switch gear and one or more arrestors mounted on a non-conductive insulated bar. The one or more arrestors can be connected to one or more isolators through a respective aperture in the non-conductive insulated bar. Each arrestor can be connected to one of the one or more electrical energy sources at a first end and can be connected to one of the one or more isolators at a second end. The switch gear arrestor system can further include one or more ground leads. Each ground lead can connect one of the one or more isolators to a conductive grounding bar.

In one aspect, the application provides an electrical system including a conductor, a ground, an arrester electrically connected to the conductor, and a disconnector assembly electrically connected between the arrester and the ground. The disconnector assembly includes an isolator configured to perform an operating function in response to the occurrence of an event and a housing configured to surround the isolator. The isolator includes a first terminal electrically connected to the arrester by a first wire and a second terminal electrically connected to the ground by a second wire. The housing includes a first opening through which the first terminal extends, a second opening through which the second terminal extends, and a retention mechanism configured to hold the isolator in place relative to the arrester.

An electronic apparatus is provided. The electronic apparatus includes: a main circuit; and a power supply circuit configured to receive external power from an external power supply and supply operating power to the main circuit. The power supply circuit includes: a converter; and a lightning protection circuit that includes: a varistor configured to have a first rated voltage corresponding to a breakdown voltage of a device of the converter; and a surge arrester connected in series to the varistor and configured to have a second rated voltage, and based on the external power being higher than the first rated voltage of the varistor, the varistor is clamped so that a voltage applied to the converter does not exceed the first rated voltage, and based on a voltage applied to the surge arrester being equal to or higher than the second rated voltage, the surge arrester is short-circuited.

An electronic apparatus is provided. The electronic apparatus includes: a main circuit; and a power supply circuit configured to receive external power from an external power supply and supply operating power to the main circuit. The power supply circuit includes: a converter; and a lightning protection circuit that includes: a varistor configured to have a first rated voltage corresponding to a breakdown voltage of a device of the converter; and a surge arrester connected in series to the varistor and configured to have a second rated voltage, and based on the external power being higher than the first rated voltage of the varistor, the varistor is clamped so that a voltage applied to the converter does not exceed the first rated voltage, and based on a voltage applied to the surge arrester being equal to or higher than the second rated voltage, the surge arrester is short-circuited.

Transformer assembly including a first transformer stage having a plurality of first-stage transformer cells; and a second transformer stage. An input of the second transformer stage is connected to an output of the first transformer stage. A lightning impulse breakdown voltage of a transformer cell of the second stage is at least double of a lightning impulse breakdown voltage of transformer cells of the first stage.

Transformer assembly including a first transformer stage having a plurality of first-stage transformer cells; and a second transformer stage. An input of the second transformer stage is connected to an output of the first transformer stage. A lightning impulse breakdown voltage of a transformer cell of the second stage is at least double of a lightning impulse breakdown voltage of transformer cells of the first stage.

According to an embodiment, a surge protector includes a capacitor, a switch, and a first transistor. The capacitor charges based on an input power to the surge protector. The switch turns on when the capacitor is charged to a charge threshold. The surge protector outputs the input power when the switch is turned on. The first transistor turns on when a voltage of the input power exceeds a first input voltage threshold such that the capacitor discharges to below the charge threshold and such that the switch turns off. The surge protector stops outputting the input power when the switch is turned off.

According to an embodiment, a surge protector includes a capacitor, a switch, and a first transistor. The capacitor charges based on an input power to the surge protector. The switch turns on when the capacitor is charged to a charge threshold. The surge protector outputs the input power when the switch is turned on. The first transistor turns on when a voltage of the input power exceeds a first input voltage threshold such that the capacitor discharges to below the charge threshold and such that the switch turns off. The surge protector stops outputting the input power when the switch is turned off.

An apparatus detects complex time-variant electromagnetic disturbances resulting from a high-altitude nuclear electromagnetic pulse (EMP) or solar storm. The device relies on a circuit (104, 1301) to monitor the input power lines (301, 401, 501) for sustained conducted electrical disturbances associated with the E3 phase of an EMP or solar storm. A separate circuit (105, 1302) monitors the power lines and the ambient environment (503) for transient electromagnetic pulse disturbances associated with the E1 and E2 phases of an EMP. When sustained electrical disturbances or transient electromagnetic pulse disturbances are detected, the apparatus provides a visual alarm (603. 609), audible alarm (608), and discrete indication signal (607) that can be used to disconnect (702) or redirect the flow of electrical power.

An apparatus detects complex time-variant electromagnetic disturbances resulting from a high-altitude nuclear electromagnetic pulse (EMP) or solar storm. The device relies on a circuit (104, 1301) to monitor the input power lines (301, 401, 501) for sustained conducted electrical disturbances associated with the E3 phase of an EMP or solar storm. A separate circuit (105, 1302) monitors the power lines and the ambient environment (503) for transient electromagnetic pulse disturbances associated with the E1 and E2 phases of an EMP. When sustained electrical disturbances or transient electromagnetic pulse disturbances are detected, the apparatus provides a visual alarm (603. 609), audible alarm (608), and discrete indication signal (607) that can be used to disconnect (702) or redirect the flow of electrical power.