An electric power source includes: a battery defining a state of charge; a converter in electrical communication with the battery; and a controller in operable communication with the converter, the controller including a compensation toggle circuit configured to provide a compensation toggle value based on a power output of the battery; a dynamic droop control circuit configured to receive the compensation toggle value and switch an output droop value of the dynamic droop control circuit from an upper output droop measurement to a lower output droop measurement, wherein the lower output droop measurement is based on the state of charge of the battery.

This application provides a method and device for estimating a SOC of a battery pack, and a battery management system. The battery pack includes a first cell without a plateau and a second cell with a plateau. At least one first cell is serially connected to the second cell. The method includes: determining a capacity variation of the battery pack based on a SOC variation of the first cell in comparison with an initial SOC of the first cell, and based on a nominal capacity of the first cell; obtaining an equalization capacity of the first cell and an equalization capacity of the second cell; and estimating a SOC of the second cell, and determining the SOC of the battery pack based on the SOC of the second cell.

A universal battery is provided with load balancing and a battery module and an energy storage system electrically coupled to the battery module and configured to bidirectionally transfer energy from and to the battery module. The energy storage system is operable in a first operating state in which the energy is transferred from the energy storage system to the battery module to charge the battery module, and a second operating state in which the energy is transferred from the battery module to the energy storage system to discharge the battery module. An electrical connection electrically couples the energy storage system to a power source. A controller is operably coupled to the battery module and the energy storage system. The controller is configured to control a charging state of the battery module.

An energy storage system includes a battery cluster, a battery control system, at least two first power conversion modules, a bus, and a second power conversion module. A plurality of battery packs in the battery cluster are connected in parallel to the bus through the at least two first power conversion modules, one end of the second power conversion module is connected in parallel to the battery cluster, and the other end of the second power conversion module is connected to a load or a power grid. The battery control system obtains a target current value that needs to be provided by the second power conversion module to the load or the power grid. In this application, the battery parameters of the battery packs can be equalized, or the battery cluster is enabled to output the target power, so that system stability is improved.

A battery monitoring module includes a printed circuit board including a first signal line, a second signal line, and a conductive pad, the conductive pad being configured to be connected to an electrode of a cell; an integrated circuit on the printed circuit board, the integrated circuit to measure a cell voltage at the cell and control cell balancing; a measuring interface on the printed circuit board and connected between the conductive pad and the integrated circuit, and providing a voltage measuring path; and a balancing circuit on the printed circuit board and connected between the conductive pad and the integrated circuit, the balancing circuit providing a discharge path for the cell. The first signal line may electrically connect the conductive pad to the measuring interface, and the second signal line may be physically separated from the first signal line, and electrically connect the conductive pad to the balancing circuit.

An electric vehicle battery system is provided. In some embodiments, the electric vehicle battery system can comprise a battery pack comprising a first battery and a second battery. In various embodiments, a first bidirectional direct current to alternating current (DC-AC) converter can be electrically coupled to the first battery and to a first bidirectional high-voltage (HV) alternating current to direct current (AC-DC) converter. In various implementations, a second bidirectional DC-AC converter can be coupled to the second battery and to a second bidirectional HV AC-DC converter. In further embodiments, and a power factor correction AC-DC module can be electrically coupled to the first bidirectional HV AC-DC converter via a first switch and the second bidirectional HV AC-DC converter via a second switch.

A balanced charging device and a charging system used to solve the technical problem of too long charging time of the balanced charging device. The balanced charging device comprises a plurality of charging modules, each of which independently charges a battery unit and is provided with a positive port and a negative port with independent functions; the positive port is connected with the positive port of the battery unit corresponding to the charging module, and the negative port is connected with the negative port of the battery unit corresponding to the charging module. The charging system includes the balanced charging device. The balanced charging device and charging system provided by the disclosure are used for charging a plurality of battery units in series.

A method for determining at least one aging state of a first plurality of electrical energy store units. The method includes: a) ascertaining the number of balancing operations already carried out between the first plurality of electrical energy store units within a predefined first time interval and/or the total converted energy quantity during a balancing operation between the first plurality of electrical energy store units and/or a first measure of dispersion of a particular state of charge-characterizing parameter of the first plurality of electrical energy store units; b) determining the at least one aging state of the first plurality of electrical energy store units as a function of the number of balancing operations already carried out and/or as a function of the total converted energy quantity during a balancing operation and/or as a function of the first measure of dispersion.

A battery system with a large-format Li-ion battery pack powers attached equipment by discharging battery cells distributed among a plurality of battery packs. A limp home notification is generated from a smart lithium-ion battery pack to one or more application devices using an analog signal. The battery pack may provide broadcast messages over electronic communication lines, that includes state of charge (SoC), fault status, etc. which can be read by one or more application devices to enter limp home mode. In another example, a “fully charged” notification is generated from the smart lithium-ion battery pack to one or more application devices using an analog signal. The end device powered by the battery pack system receives and reacts to the outputted fully charged signal by modifying the state of the circuitry on the end device.

A method and system for AC battery operation. In one embodiment, the method comprises determining, at a battery management unit (BMU) coupled to an AC battery comprising a power converter and a battery that is rechargeable, a bias control voltage that indicates a state of a charge process of the AC battery; and coupling, by a bias control module of the BMU, the bias control voltage to the power converting for communicating the state of the charge process to and from the BMU and the power converter.