An apparatus and method for receiving a magnetic resonance (MR) signal for imaging a patient. The MR signal includes a MR frequency. A radio frequency (RF) coil has first and second end portions. An impedance converter is in electrical communication with the RF coil. A preamplifier in electrical communication with the impedance converter, the preamplifier having a gain. At least one resonant circuit electrically connected to at least one end portion of the RF coil.

An electronic device has a substrate and first and second metallization levels with a resonant circuit. The first metallization level has a first dielectric layer on a side of the substrate, and a first metal layer on the first dielectric layer. The second metallization level has a second dielectric layer on the first dielectric layer and the first metal layer, and a second metal layer on the second dielectric layer. The electronic device includes a first plate in the first metal layer, and a second plate spaced apart from the first plate in the second metal layer to form a capacitor. The electronic device includes a winding in one of the first and second metal layers and coupled to one of the first and second plates in a resonant circuit.

In many cases after degaussing the field distribution in a magnetic material there may be regions within the magnetic material that have ordered domains that contribute a remnant field. There is the need to reduce or eliminate non-uniform fields within a volume of interest left after degaussing a magnetic shield. Degaussing coils surrounding a metal shield can be used to favorably order magnetic domains within the material to counteract the remnant fields left behind following imperfect degaussing. The remnant field value can be measured and a small current may be applied through the degaussing coils. After removing the current, the field can be measured again and a higher current may be applied again through the coils. Repeated applications of currents and field measurement will progressively order domains in the direction of the applied field, resulting in a reduction of the net field and lower field gradient across the volume of interest.

A coupling loop circuit is constructed in such a way that a sixth conductor is made to three-dimensionally cross a second conductor, an eighth conductor is made to three-dimensionally cross each of the second conductor and a fourth conductor, a first loop area and a second loop area spatially overlap each other, and an overlapping area between the first loop area and the second loop area is formed by the second conductor, the fourth conductor, the sixth conductor, and the eighth conductor.

Provided is a receiver. The receiver according to the inventive concept includes a first filter circuit, a second filter circuit, and an amplifier. The first filter circuit provides a first path for first frequency components below first cutoff frequency of input frequency components and passes second frequency components except for the first frequency components of the input frequency components through second path. The second filter circuit attenuates third frequency components below a second cutoff frequency of the second frequency components. The amplifier amplifies the second frequency components including the attenuated third frequency components.

A differential combiner circuit (200) comprises three ports each has two terminals (1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b). The differential combiner circuit (200) further comprises a first sub-circuit comprising a first inductor (L1) connected between the first terminals (1a, 2a) of the first and second ports, and a first capacitor (C1) connected between the first terminals (2a, 3a) of the second and third ports; a second sub-circuit comprising a second inductor (L2) connected between the second terminals (1b, 2b) of the first and second ports, and a second capacitor (C2) connected between the second terminals (2b, 3b) of the second and third ports. The differential combiner circuit (200) further comprises a third capacitor (C3) connected between the first and second terminals (1a, 1b) of the first port, a third inductor (L3) connected between the first and second terminals (3a, 3b) of the third port; a first resistor (R1) connected between the first terminal (1a) of the first port and the second terminal (3b) of the third port; and a second resistor (R2) connected between the second terminal (1b) of the first port and the first terminal (3a) of the third port.

An input loop line (5) is disposed in a region inside or outside the loop of an output loop line (9) as viewed in the thickness direction of a dielectric layer (2).

An analog front end device comprises three transformers. A first transformer has a first input configured to receive an input signal and first and second outputs. The second and third transformers comprise a secondary stage coupled to the first and second outputs. The second transformer has a second input coupled to the first output, a third output coupled to a first device output, and a fourth output coupled to a second device output. The third transformer has a third input coupled to the second output, a fifth output coupled to the second device output, and a sixth output coupled to the first device output. The phase imbalances of the second and third transformers are substantially the same, and the amplitude imbalances of the second and third transformers are substantially the same.

A coupling loop circuit is constructed in such a way that a sixth conductor is made to three-dimensionally cross a second conductor, an eighth conductor is made to three-dimensionally cross each of the second conductor and a fourth conductor, a first loop area and a second loop area spatially overlap each other, and an overlapping area between the first loop area and the second loop area is formed by the second conductor, the fourth conductor, the sixth conductor, and the eighth conductor.

An electrical filter includes a dielectric substrate with inner and outer coils about a first region and inner and outer coils about a second region, a portion of cladding removed from wires that form the coils and coupled to electrically conductive traces on the dielectric substrate via a solder joint in a switching region. An apparatus to thermally couple a superconductive device to a metal carrier with a through-hole includes a first clamp and a vacuum pump. A composite magnetic shield for use at superconductive temperatures includes an inner layer with magnetic permeability of at least 50,000; and an outer layer with magnetic saturation field greater than 1.2 T, separated from the inner layer by an intermediate layer of dielectric. An apparatus to dissipate heat from a superconducting processor includes a metal carrier with a recess, a post that extends upwards from a base of the recess and a layer of adhesive on top of the post. Various cryogenic refrigeration systems are described.