Method and apparatus for nonlinear signal processing include mitigation of outlier noise in the process of analog-to-digital conversion and adaptive real-time signal conditioning, processing, analysis, quantification, comparison, and control. Methods, processes and apparatus for real-time measuring and analysis of variables include statistical analysis and generic measurement systems and processes which are not specially adapted for any specific variables, or to one particular environment. Methods and corresponding apparatus for mitigation of electromagnetic interference, for improving properties of electronic devices, and for improving and/or enabling coexistence of a plurality of electronic devices include post-processing analysis of measured variables and post-processing statistical analysis. Methods, processes and apparatus for secure communications include low-power communications and physical-layer steganography.

Provided is a supercondenser which is an ultra-high capacity supercondenser for storing energy in the fields of commercial electricity and new and renewable energy, which is provided with a specific connector for connecting a plurality of unit condensers in series, parallel, or series-parallel and is thereby electrically stable, requires few members for connection, and has improved stability and durability. The supercondenser which includes a plurality of unit condensers, and a connector including a parallel connection means for connecting the unit condensers in parallel, and a serial connection means for connecting same in series.

An apparatus includes a first mixer performing first mixing of an input signal with a digital carrier which rotates the input signal such that one end of a target bandwidth in the input signal is aligned with an edge of a first bandpass filter that performs a first filtering on the first mixed input signal; a second mixer performing a second mixing of the first filtered input signal with a digital carrier which rotates the first filtered input signal such that the opposite end of the target bandwidth is aligned with an edge of a passband of a second bandpass filter that performs a second filtering on the second mixed input signal; and a third mixer performing a third mixing on the second filtered input signal which rotates the second filtered input signal such that the target bandwidth returns to the target bandwidth prior to the first mixing.

A signal processing arrangement generates electrical stimulation signals to electrode contacts in an implanted cochlear implant array. An input sound signal is processed to generate band pass signals that each represent an associated band of audio frequencies. A spectrogram representative of frequency spectrum present in the input sound signal is generated. A characteristic envelope signal is produced for each band pass signal based on its amplitude. An active contour model is applied to estimate dominant frequencies present in the spectrogram, and the estimate is used to generate stimulation timing signals for the input sound signal. The electrode stimulation signals are produced for each electrode contact based on the envelope signals and the stimulation timing signals.

Apparatuses and methods of manufacturing same, systems, and methods to separate out a target numerology from a mixed numerology signal are described. In one aspect, a three mixer, two filter (3M2F) structure can separate out any one of multiple possible target numerologies. In another aspect, a sampled signal is frequency rotated such that one end of the target numerology is within one end of a passband of a first filter and a second filter, filtered by the first filter which attenuates any signal past the one end of the passband, frequency rotated again such that the opposite end of the target numerology is within the opposite end of the passband, filtered by the second filter which attenuates any signal past the opposite end of the passband, and frequency rotated a third time such that the target numerology returns to its original location in the frequency domain in the sampled signal.

A filter device includes: delay units serially connected to delay an input signal and output a delayed signal; multiplication units multiplying the delayed signal by a filter coefficient based on a predetermined value and a multiplying factor adjustment value; a coefficient adjustment unit that, when a multiplication result obtained by multiplying the predetermined value by the multiplying factor adjustment value exceeds a maximum value of a filter-coefficient representation range, divides the multiplication result exceeding the maximum value by the maximum value, and outputs a quotient of division as a coefficient adjustment value; a signal conversion unit outputting a signal obtained by adding after-filter-coefficient-multiplication signals outputted by the multiplication units and an adjusted signal obtained by adjusting a corresponding delayed signal using the coefficient adjustment value; and a division unit generating an output signal by dividing the signal outputted by the signal conversion unit by the multiplying factor adjustment value.

A sensor circuit is provided with a chopper-stabilized amplifier circuit configured to receive a signal from at least one magnetic sensing element, a sigma-delta modulator (SDM) configured to receive a signal from the chopper-stabilized amplifier circuit, and a feedback circuit configured to reduce ripple in a signal generated by the chopper-stabilized amplifier circuit. The feedback circuit includes a demodulator to demodulate a signal from the SDM in a digital domain by inverting a bit stream of the signal from the SDM according to a frequency chopping rate, a digital integrator configured to integrate an output signal of the demodulator to form an integrated signal, and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) configured to convert the integrated signal to an analog signal and provide the analog signal to the chopper-stabilized amplifier circuit.

A method and apparatus to compensate for distortion of a waveform due to the skin effect in a current shunt. The method includes modeling the complex impedance of the shunt as component complex impedances. By designing a filter corresponding to the component complex impedances, the distortion of a waveform across the shunt may be reversed to provide an accurate replica of the undistorted waveform.

This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer-readable media, for configuring components of transmission circuitry. In one aspect, a first set of linear kernels and a first set of nonlinear kernels associated with a composite digital pre-distortion (DPD) kernel design is determined based on a first iteration of a DPD kernel analysis process. The first set of linear kernels is separated from the first set of nonlinear kernels according to a first iteration of a linear filter separation process. A final set of linear kernels and a final set of nonlinear kernels are determined based on one or more additional iterations of the DPD kernel analysis process and the linear filter separation process. A pre-DPD filter for the transmission circuitry is configured using a final set of filter coefficients derived based on the final set of linear kernels.

A mechanism is included for jointly determining filter coefficients for Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters in a Linear, Memory-less Non-linear (LNL), Linear compensator. Calibration signals are applied to a signal converter input in a test and measurement system. Non-linear signal components are determined in signal output from the signal converter. Non-linear filter components are determined at the LNL compensator based on the calibration signals. The non-linear signal components are then compared to the non-linear filter components. The comparison is then resolved to determine filter coefficients for first stage Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters and second stage FIR filters in the LNL.