Trans-filter/Detectors are extremely sensitive circuits that recover exponentially modulated signals buried in noise. They can be used wherever Matched Filter/Coherent Detectors are used and operate at negative input signal-to-noise ratios to recover RADAR, SONAR, communications or data signals. Input signal and noise is split into two paths where complementary derivatives are extracted. Outputs of the two paths are equal in amplitude and 180 degrees relative to each other at the band center frequency. The outputs are summed, causing stationary in-band noise to be reduced by cancellation while exponentially modulated signals are increased by addition. Trans-filters are Linear Time Invariant circuits, have no noise x noise threshold and can be cascaded, increasing in-band signal-to-noise ratio prior to detection. Trans-filters are most sensitive to all types of digital modulation, producing easily detected polarized pulses synchronous with data transitions. Trans-filters do not require coherent conversion oscillators and complex synchronizing circuits.

Method and apparatus for nonlinear signal processing include mitigation of outlier noise in the process of analog-to-digital conversion and adaptive real-time signal conditioning, processing, analysis, quantification, comparison, and control. Methods, processes and apparatus for real-time measuring and analysis of variables include statistical analysis and generic measurement systems and processes which are not specially adapted for any specific variables, or to one particular environment. Methods and corresponding apparatus for mitigation of electromagnetic interference, for improving properties of electronic devices, and for improving and/or enabling coexistence of a plurality of electronic devices include post-processing analysis of measured variables and post-processing statistical analysis.

A fuzzy entropy based noisy signal processing method and an iterative singular spectrum analysis (SSA) soft threshold de-noising method are disclosed. The method employs FuzzyEn, which is used to quantify the system complexity in chaos theory, to characterize a noise floor, which provides a more effective path for processing of noisy signal; its fuzzy entropy spectrum based iterative singular spectrum analysis soft threshold (SSA-IST) de-noising method outperforms the conventional truncated singular spectrum, wavelet transform and empirical mode decomposition de-noising approaches in de-noising performance.

In accordance with an example, an integrated circuit includes a linear combiner having an input for receiving a signal. The linear combiner also has a plurality of operator circuits for applying weighting factors to the signal, in which a first operator circuit in the plurality of operator circuits performs a first operation on the signal using a first sub-weight of one of the weighting factors to provide a first tile output and a second operator circuit in the plurality of operator circuits performs a second operation on the signal using a second sub-weight of the one of the weighting factors to provide a second tile output. The linear combiner also has an adder having a first input coupled to receive the first tile output and the second tile outputs and providing a combined output.

Provided is a supercondenser which is an ultra-high capacity supercondenser for storing energy in the fields of commercial electricity and new and renewable energy, which is provided with a specific connector for connecting a plurality of unit condensers in series, parallel, or series-parallel and is thereby electrically stable, requires few members for connection, and has improved stability and durability. The supercondenser which includes a plurality of unit condensers, and a connector including a parallel connection means for connecting the unit condensers in parallel, and a serial connection means for connecting same in series.

A method for compensating the bandedge ripple of an analog filter, using a circuit comprising a low pass filter is described. The method comprises receiving, at the analog filter, a plurality of tones of different frequencies from a tone generator, measuring, an amplitude of each tone in the plurality of tones after each tone is processed by the analog filter, storing the measured amplitudes and frequencies in a database, measuring a bandedge ripple by measuring a difference in amplitude between a first tone and a second tone from the plurality of tones, and selecting a low pass filter, from a plurality of low pass filters, based on the measured difference.

Frequency domain (FDTF) and time domain (TDTF) trans-filters compress in-band AWGN, demodulate input signals and have no threshold due to applied noise. Two parallel frequency selective networks with opposite amplitude vs frequency slopes are designed to remain 180 degrees out of phase over the signal band in the FDTF whereas two parallel delay networks are used in the TDTF. Output amplitudes are equal at band center and are summed producing a monotonic amplitude vs frequency characteristic going thru zero at center frequency with abrupt phase reversal. This produces the parabolic output noise density and differentiates applied signals. Absence of nonlinear circuit components and product devices prevents generation of noisenoise products, avoiding the threshold phenomenon. Exponentially modulated digital signals produce output impulses due to the slope and abrupt phase reversal. The impulses have strong fundamental frequency components and may be recovered at baseband without frequency conversion. Cascading trans-filters increases noise reduction and impulse amplitude. The trans-filter algorithm may be used separately or in conjunction with one or more hardware trans-filters.

Systems and methods are provided for detecting noise in one or more of samples of a first signal that corresponds to a phase current of a multiphase system, determining to apply a digital noise filter based on the noise, and applying a digital noise filter. Applying the digital noise filter may include generating a reconstructed signal based on two other signals corresponding to respective phase currents of the multiphase system, and outputting the reconstructed signal to replace the one or more samples.

Apparatuses and methods of manufacturing same, systems, and methods to separate out a target numerology from a mixed numerology signal are described. In one aspect, a three mixer, two filter (3M2F) structure can separate out any one of multiple possible target numerologies. In another aspect, a sampled signal is frequency rotated such that one end of the target numerology is within one end of a passband of a first filter and a second filter, filtered by the first filter which attenuates any signal past the one end of the passband, frequency rotated again such that the opposite end of the target numerology is within the opposite end of the passband, filtered by the second filter which attenuates any signal past the opposite end of the passband, and frequency rotated a third time such that the target numerology returns to its original location in the frequency domain in the sampled signal.

The present application describes techniques for noise control which utilize a feedback control unit comprising a filter, derived from one or more predetermined filter candidates, for reducing or cancelling a feedback component of a noise control signal.