A method of mass spectrometry is disclosed comprising digitising a signal output from a detector to provide a first digitised signal. A finite impulse response (FIR) filter, a digital filter or an echo cancellation filter is applied to the first digitised signal in order to reduce the effect of baseline perturbations, echoes or ringing effects. Alternatively, an analogue signal output from a detector is passed to one or more first power splitters or dividers, wherein one or more first transmission lines are attached to one or more ports of one more said first power splitters or dividers in order to reduce the effect of baseline perturbations, echoes or ringing effects.

In methods and systems for filtering an information input signal, a system may have: a first filter unit filtering an input signal at an initial subinterval in a current update interval according to parameters associated to the preceding update interval, the parameters being scaled by a first scaling factor changing towards 0; and a second filter unit filtering a second filter input signal, based on the output of the first filter unit, at the initial subinterval, according to parameters associated to the current update interval, the parameters being scaled by a second scaling factor changing from 0, or a value close to 0, toward a value more distant from 0.

A method for removing an extracted RF signal to examine a spectrum of at least one other RF signal includes receiving a mixture signal by an ADC. The mixture signal includes a plurality of separate signals from different signal sources. The mixture signal is digitized by the ADC. A first digitized signal and a second digitized signal are generated that are the same. The first digitized signal is delayed a predetermined time delay and the second digitized signal is processed in a neuromorphic signal processor to extract an extracted signal. The predetermined time delay corresponds to a delay embedding in the neuromorphic signal processor. A phase delay and amplitude of the extracted signal is adjusted based on a phase delay and amplitude of the first digitized signal. An adjusted extracted signal is cancelled from the first digitized signal to provide an input examination signal for examination.

Various embodiments relate to delta-sigma loop filters with input feedforward. A delta-sigma loop filter may include a first integrator and a quantizer having an input coupled to an output of the first integrator. The delta-sigma loop filter may further include a first summing node having an output coupled to an input of the first integrator. Further, the delta-sigma loop filter may include a feedforward path from an input of the delta-sigma loop filter to a first input of the first summing node. The delta-sigma loop filter may also include a first feedback path from an output of the quantizer to a second input of the first summing node.

The present disclosure relates to receiving an input signal; generating an output signal by integrating a leaked signal over an integration time, wherein the leaked signal is obtained based on a dampening signal, a leak factor and the input signal; and providing the output signal.

The present disclosure provides a resampling apparatus and a resampling method. The resampling apparatus includes a control unit, a memory device, a resolution identifier, a phase rate generator, a coefficient generator, and a resample filter. The control unit controls reading and writing operations of the resampling apparatus according to a control signal. The memory device transmits the control signal to the control unit. The resolution identifier sets a resolution bandwidth identity according to an interpolation/decimation (I/D) value of the control signal. The phase rate generator generates a phase select signal and a counter enable signal according to the resolution bandwidth identity. The coefficient generator generates a coefficient select signal according to the resolution bandwidth identity. The resample filter generates a resampled output data according to the phase select signal, the coefficient select signal, and an input data.

Various embodiments relate to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The ADC may include a first channel including a first delta-sigma loop filter and a second channel including a second delta-sigma loop filter. Each of the first delta-sigma loop filter and the second delta-sigma loop filter may include a first integrator and a quantizer having an input coupled to an output of the first integrator. Each of the first delta-sigma loop filter and the second delta-sigma loop filter may also include a first summing node having an output coupled to an input of the first integrator, and a feedforward path from an input of the delta sigma loop filter to a first input of the first summing node. Further, each of the first delta-sigma loop filter and the second delta-sigma loop filter may include a first feedback path from an output of the quantizer to a second input of the first summing node.

A receiver in a communication system may include a buffer and hardware. The buffer may be configured to store a communication signal comprising one or more pulses representative of data. The hardware may be configured to determine whether a data authentication pulse has been superimposed over at least one of the one or more pulses, and authenticate, based on the determination of whether the data authentication pulse has been superimposed over at least one of the one or more pulses, the one or more pulses as a valid representation of the data.

An example process includes reducing a quality factor of a first tunable bandpass filter, used, for example, in a low-noise amplifier stage of a polar receiver. A first wideband test signal centered at a desired center frequency of a second tunable bandpass filter is received. A frequency response of the second tunable bandpass filter to the first wideband test signal is estimated using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) signal processor. At least a resonant frequency or a quality factor of the second tunable bandpass filter are calibrated based at least in part on a portion of the estimated frequency response of the second tunable bandpass filter obtained from the FFT signal processor. Frequency response characteristics of the first tunable bandpass filter may be similarly tuned in accordance with the example process.

A Scalable Finite Impulse Response (SFIR) filter includes a pre-processing section, a post-processing section, and a finite impulse response (FIR) Matrix. The FIR Matrix is coupled to the pre-processing section and the post-processing section. The FIR Matrix includes a plurality of filter taps and a plurality of signal paths. Each filter tap of the plurality of filter taps has at least a first input, a second input, a multiplexer coupled to the first input and the second input, and a first flip-flop coupled to an output of the multiplexer. The plurality of signal paths are arranged to allow re-configurable data throughput between the each filter tap of the plurality of filter taps.