A muscle stimulation system includes an electrical stimulation garment and a stimulation controller. The stimulation controller has a stimulation processor programmed to identify the electrical stimulation garment and execute a treatment protocol associated with the electrical stimulation garment. A method includes determining a type of electrical stimulation garment and selecting a treatment protocol based at least in part on the type of electrical stimulation garment detected.

Stimulation of neural activity in a nerve supplying the spleen, wherein the nerve is adjacent to the splenic artery at a position where the splenic artery is not in direct contact with the pancreas, can modulate pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules levels, thereby reducing inflammation and providing ways of treating disorders, such as disorders associated with inflammation. The invention provides improved ways of reducing inflammation with minimized off-target effects, in particular surgical trauma.

Flexible catheters adapted to be inserted into a body to deliver high-voltage, fast (e.g., microsecond, sub-microsecond, nanosecond, picosecond, etc.) electrical energy to target tissue may include a plurality of conductive layers, that may be coaxial. These catheters and method of using them to treat tissue are configured to reduce or avoid arcing.

Stimulation of neural activity in a nerve supplying the spleen, wherein the nerve is adjacent to the splenic artery at a position where the splenic artery is not in direct contact with the pancreas, can modulate pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules levels, thereby reducing inflammation and providing ways of treating disorders, such as disorders associated with inflammation. The invention provides improved ways of reducing inflammation with minimized off-target effects, in particular surgical trauma.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods for nerve conduction block that can involve the delivery of relatively high amounts of charge safely to tissue. Such systems and methods can include control systems for safely monitoring a direct current electrode system, including delivering direct current via an electrode lead to a target tissue of a patient; measuring the driving voltage across the electrode; comparing the driving voltage across the electrode to predetermined threshold range values; measuring the body impedance; determining a voltage drop across the lead from the body impedance measurement; and adjusting the driving voltage to maintain the voltage drop across the lead within a predetermined voltage range.

In part the disclosure relates to methods of treating acne, excessive sweating, unwanted hair, and/or unwanted blood vessels. The method may include providing a needle array comprising a plurality of needles; inserting plurality of needles into a dermis of a treatment area; detecting a location of an enlarged sebaceous gland; and energizing one or more of the plurality of needles to treat sebaceous glands, one or more sweat glands, vascular legions, unwanted hair follicles and/or unwanted blood vessels.

Methods and systems are described for detecting if a stimulation lead implanted in a patient's brain has moved. Lead movement occurring between a first time and a second time may be determined by comparing features extracted from evoked potentials recorded at the two times. The disclosed methods and systems are particularly useful for determining if a stimulation lead has moved between the time it was implanted in the patient's brain and the time that stimulation parameters are being optimized. Lead movement during implantation, during parameter optimization, and during or between other lead optimization processes may be determined as well.

Devices for cosmetically treating a patient's skin tissue are disclosed, the device comprising a flexible pad adapted to conform to shape of a skin surface of the patient when placed on the skin surface, the flexible pad carrying at least one radio frequency (RF) electrode configured and operable to heat one or more layers of the skin tissue, and at least one electrical muscle stimulating (EMS) electrode configured and operable to cause contraction and relaxation of the one or more muscles; the device being connectable to an external control unit for receiving the RF and EMS signals to apply the cosmetic skin treatment; the device may comprise one or more accelerometers and/or temperature sensors that give feedback about the skin treatment.

Apparatus (30) for detecting motion of a device (1) for electrical stimulation of a subject is described. The apparatus (30) comprises a motion detector (2) to detect the motion of the device (1) and generate a motion output signal in response to the detected motion. The motion output signal is indicative of the amount of detected motion. A processor (21) is coupled to the motion detector (20). The processor (21) receives (72) the motion output signal from the motion detector (20) and generates a first processor output signal in response to the received motion output signal. An output device (14, 26) is coupled to the processor (21). The output device (14, 26) receives the first processor output signal from the processor (21) and generates a first output signal in response to the received first processor output signal. The processor (21) generates the first processor output signal if either: (i) the received motion output signal is greater than a threshold; or (ii) the received motion output signal is less than a threshold.

Provided are methods and devices for treating skin conditions using an electrical signal applied to the skin of a subject.