To solve a problem that unless all of a plurality of AICH signature states are correctly decoded, the contents of reception results cannot be recognized and the error rate of signature decoding will be high. In this embodiment, a base station uses, out of a signature combination, the signature of at least one predetermined position to indicate information containing a preamble reception result and uses the signature of a position other than the predetermined position to indicate a transmission profile information number of an uplink channel for notification to a user equipment. Thus, the error rate related to reception results can be reduced as compared with the case where a single signature combination is used to notify all pieces of information.

To solve a problem that unless all of a plurality of AICH signature states are correctly decoded, the contents of reception results cannot be recognized and the error rate of signature decoding will be high. In this embodiment, a base station uses, out of a signature combination, the signature of at least one predetermined position to indicate information containing a preamble reception result and uses the signature of a position other than the predetermined position to indicate a transmission profile information number of an uplink channel for notification to a user equipment. Thus, the error rate related to reception results can be reduced as compared with the case where a single signature combination is used to notify all pieces of information.

The present disclosure is directed towards an analog beamformer multiple beam feed (MBF). The analog beamformer MBF comprises a plurality of encoder elements to receive radiofrequency (RF) signals and generate coded analog signals. The RF signals may be coded using code division multiple access (CDMA) codes. The analog beamformer MBF further comprises a combiner to combine the coded analog signals received from the plurality of encoder elements and a divider to receive the combined coded analog signals and generate a plurality of coded analog outputs. The analog beamformer MBF further comprises a plurality of decoder elements to receive the plurality of coded analog outputs and generate decoded analog signals. In some embodiments, the RF signals may be decoded using CDMA codes. The analog beamformer MBF further comprises a plurality of beamformer elements configured to generate beam outputs corresponding to the decoded analog signals.

The present disclosure is directed towards an analog beamformer multiple beam feed (MBF). The analog beamformer MBF comprises a plurality of encoder elements to receive radiofrequency (RF) signals and generate coded analog signals. The RF signals may be coded using code division multiple access (CDMA) codes. The analog beamformer MBF further comprises a combiner to combine the coded analog signals received from the plurality of encoder elements and a divider to receive the combined coded analog signals and generate a plurality of coded analog outputs. The analog beamformer MBF further comprises a plurality of decoder elements to receive the plurality of coded analog outputs and generate decoded analog signals. In some embodiments, the RF signals may be decoded using CDMA codes. The analog beamformer MBF further comprises a plurality of beamformer elements configured to generate beam outputs corresponding to the decoded analog signals.

A return channel system for ultra-small aperture terminals has a spreader that receives an input signal and outputs a spread spectrum signal having multiple replicated signals with a lower power than the input signal. A de-spreader includes a de-multiplexer that receives the spread spectrum signal via satellite. The de-multiplexer separates the spread spectrum signal into a first channel having a first signal and a second channel having a second signal. The de-spreader also has an offset compensation circuit having a phase estimator configured to estimate a phase offset between a phase of the first signal and a phase of the second signal. And a phase adjustor that receives the second signal and adjusts the phase of the second signal to align with the phase of the first signal to provide a phase-adjusted second signal. A summer combines the first signal with the phase-adjusted second signal to provide a composite signal.

A return channel system for ultra-small aperture terminals has a spreader that receives an input signal and outputs a spread spectrum signal having multiple replicated signals with a lower power than the input signal. A de-spreader includes a de-multiplexer that receives the spread spectrum signal via satellite. The de-multiplexer separates the spread spectrum signal into a first channel having a first signal and a second channel having a second signal. The de-spreader also has an offset compensation circuit having a phase estimator configured to estimate a phase offset between a phase of the first signal and a phase of the second signal. And a phase adjustor that receives the second signal and adjusts the phase of the second signal to align with the phase of the first signal to provide a phase-adjusted second signal. A summer combines the first signal with the phase-adjusted second signal to provide a composite signal.

In a communication system in which a base station apparatus and a terminal apparatus communicate with each other, a base station apparatus, a terminal apparatus, and a communication system with which the base station apparatus and the terminal apparatus can efficiently communicate with each other are provided. The terminal apparatus that communicates with the base station apparatus includes a radio resource control section 6011 that configures a plurality of uplink physical channels and that configures an uplink power control-related parameter for each of the plurality of uplink physical channels in accordance with information included in a radio resource control (RRC) signal and a transmission power control section 6015 that sets transmission power of the uplink physical channels on the basis of the uplink power control-related parameters.

In order to provide an antenna that is small and resonates at a plurality of frequencies, an antenna according to the present invention is provided with: a first conductor of a ring shape, having an air gap; a second conductor arranged inside the ring, with both ends of the second conductor connected to the first conductor, having a first gap; and a third conductor arranged in a region surrounded by a part not including the air gap out of the first conductor, and the second conductor, with both ends connected to the first conductor, having a second gap, and a value obtained by multiplying a length of an outer periphery of a region surrounded by a part including the air gap out of the first conductor, and the third conductor, by capacitance of the air gap is different from a value obtained by multiplying a length of an outer periphery of a region surrounded by the second conductor, the third conductor, and the first conductor, by capacitance of the first gap.

In order to provide an antenna that is small and resonates at a plurality of frequencies, an antenna according to the present invention is provided with: a first conductor of a ring shape, having an air gap; a second conductor arranged inside the ring, with both ends of the second conductor connected to the first conductor, having a first gap; and a third conductor arranged in a region surrounded by a part not including the air gap out of the first conductor, and the second conductor, with both ends connected to the first conductor, having a second gap, and a value obtained by multiplying a length of an outer periphery of a region surrounded by a part including the air gap out of the first conductor, and the third conductor, by capacitance of the air gap is different from a value obtained by multiplying a length of an outer periphery of a region surrounded by the second conductor, the third conductor, and the first conductor, by capacitance of the first gap.

A communication method and device in an unlicensed band are provided. The device transmits a reservation signal for reserving a resource reservation period (RRP) which is to occupy a wireless channel for data transmission in an idle channel. The device transmits a data packet during the RRP.