Provided are a method and apparatus for sending and receiving a multiframe, a communication device, and a communication network system. The method includes: determining a multiframe identifier used for identifying a multiframe number according to a number of timeslots of a physical layer, where the multiframe number is the number of frames constituting one multiframe; and sending the multiframe to a receiving end, where the multiframe carries the multiframe identifier. Further provided is a computer storage medium.

In one embodiment, a device includes a hardware clock to maintain a clock value, a hardware counter to maintain an estimation of a dynamic error bound of the clock value, and a clock controller to intermittently discipline the hardware clock responsively to a remote clock, advance the hardware counter at a rate responsively to a clock drift, and adjust the hardware counter responsively to the hardware clock being disciplined.

This disclosure describes techniques for providing customer isolation of time synchronization traffic using virtualization. For example, a method includes receiving, by a computing device, an Internet protocol (IP) address of a customer network of a plurality of customer networks connected to a cloud exchange executed by the computing device; configuring, by the computing device, a time synchronization server connected to the cloud exchange with a Virtualized Local Area Network (VLAN) associated with the IP address of the customer network, the time synchronization server comprising a plurality of instances that provide a time synchronization service; and configuring, by the computing device, the time synchronization server with a Virtual Routing and Forwarding (VRF) or network namespace for the VLAN, wherein the VRF or network namespace includes a route to send time synchronization traffic between the customer network and a particular instance of the plurality of instances that provide the time synchronization service.

There is disclosed a method and system for controlling network timing precision of a seismic collector, and a terminal device. The method includes: using an interrupt mode to transmit a data packet; calculating an optimal network delay; and correcting a transmission error in a network timing process according to the optimal network delay, after which the physical layer of a server receives the data packet and sends the data from the physical layer of the server to the application layer of the server using the interrupt mode thereby timing the data packet.

A time synchronization system includes a master station (100) and slave stations (200) communicably connected to the master station (100). The master station (100) includes a contention determiner (114) and a time synchronization frame processing unit (113). The contention determiner (114) determines, based on receipt timings of a plurality of first time synchronization frames transmitted from the respective slave stations (200), whether the plurality of first time synchronization frames have a possibility of contention over relay processing. The time synchronization frame processing unit (113) discards, when the contention determiner (114) determines that the plurality of first time synchronization frames have the possibility of the contention, out of first time synchronization frames that have a possibility of mutual contention, a first time synchronization frame received later.

Methods, systems, and devices for techniques for enabling and disabling of a serializer/deserializer are described. In some examples, a system may be configured to identify information to be transmitted by a serializer/deserializer over a communication channel and activate, based on identifying the information to be transmitted, both a transmission component and a reception component of the serializer/deserializer that are coupled with the communication channel. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, a system may be configured to identify information to be received by a serializer/deserializer over a communication channel and activate, based on identifying the information to be received, both a transmission component and a reception component of the serializer/deserializer that are coupled with the communication channel.

A system can, in response to determining to capture bio telemetry data associated with client devices, synchronize respective second clock times of respective client devices with a first clock time maintained by a network time protocol server, wherein the respective client devices are configured to capture the bio telemetry data of respective users associated with the client devices, wherein the respective users are associated with respective user accounts. The system can synchronize the bio telemetry data of the respective users based the respective second clock times.

A method for delayed cyclic forwarding of messages by a system includes: receiving, by an input side of the system, the messages to be forwarded; and sending, by an output side of the system, the messages to be forwarded to a receiving device. A check is performed to determine whether the difference between a current system time and a receive time of a message under consideration is greater than or equal to the delay time. In the event that the difference is greater than or equal to the delay time, the message that has been in the buffer memory for the next longest time being checked in the same manner, and the checking of the messages is continued until a difference smaller than the specified delay time is found for a message.

An apparatus and method for supporting a precision time synchronization protocol of a stealth clock type are provided. The method may be performed by a stealth clock follower device and may include transmitting a sync message received from a neighbor device to an end-follower device, receiving a delay-request message from the end-follower device, and updating a residence time in a correction field of the received delay-request message. The method may also include transmitting the updated delay-request message to a leader device, receiving a delay-response message from the leader device, and performing time synchronization based on a time of the leader device by using an ingress time of the sync message, an egress time of the updated delay-request message, and time information contained in the sync message and the delay response-message. The method may further include transmitting the delay-response message to the end-follower device for time-synchronization.

A network element includes a port; and a device with circuitry configured to encode data for communication to a second device via a plurality of physical channels, and utilize one of the plurality of physical channels as a dedicated timing channel with encoding thereon different from encoding on the other plurality of physical channels, and interface encoded data via the plurality of physical channels with the port for transmission and reception with a second device.