There are described methods and systems for reconstructing a 3D anatomical structure undergoing non-rigid motion. The method comprises obtaining a 3D reference volume of the anatomical structure of the body, the reference volume corresponding to the anatomical structure at a reference phase of a respiratory cycle; acquiring 2D images of the anatomical structure at m prior times T.sub.in={t−m, . . . , t−2, t−1}; estimating a set of deformations of the 3D reference volume at times n future T.sub.out={t, t+1, . . . , t+n} from a previously learned probability distribution conditioned on partial observations and anatomical information; applying a spatial transformation to the 3D reference volume based on the set of deformations; and displaying the reference volume post-spatial transformation as a motion-compensated anatomical structure for each time step i ϵ T.sub.out.

A method comprises identifying a treatment planning image of a target subject, the treatment planning image comprising information associated with an arrangement of structures within the target subject. The method further comprises generating, based on the information, a set of reference data associated with the target subject, the reference data indicating a plurality of positions of the target subject. The method further comprises generating target-subject-specific models based on the reference data and modifying one or more hyper-parameters of the target-subject-specific mode to generate second target-subject-specific models corresponding to a second position of the plurality of positions. The method further comprises controlling a radiation treatment delivery device based on the second target-subject-specific model to deliver a radiation treatment to the target subject.

This application relates to methods for delivering radiation to a positron-emitting target within a subject under continuous PET guidance. Instead of directing radiation at a collinear path along each detected positron line-of-response (LOR), the methods generally include detecting a pattern of LORs that intersect the target. In response to the pattern, radiation may be delivered along paths that are not necessarily collinear to any of the LORs. Methods for further modifying radiation delivery as well as the detected LOR population are also described.

Magnetic resonance (MR) guided radiation therapy (MRgRT) enables control over the delivery of radiation based on patient motion indicated by MR imaging (MRI) images captured during radiation delivery. A method for MRgRT includes: simultaneously using one or more radiation therapy heads to deliver radiation and an MRI system to perform MRI; using a processor to determine whether one or more gates are triggered based on at least a portion of MRI images captured during the delivery of radiation; and in response to determining that one or more gates are triggered based on at least a portion of the MRI images captured during the delivery of radiation, suspending the delivery of radiation.

A computer implemented method for determining a two dimensional DRR referred to as dynamic DRR based on a 4D-CT, the 4D-CT describing a sequence of three dimensional medical computer tomographic images of an anatomical body part of a patient, the images being referred to as sequence CTs, the 4D-CT representing the anatomical body part at different points in time, the anatomical body part comprising at least one primary anatomical element and secondary anatomical elements, the computer implemented method comprising the following steps: acquiring the 4D-CT; acquiring a planning CT, the planning CT being a three dimensional image used for planning of a treatment of the patient, the planning CT being acquired based on at least one of the sequence CTs or independently from the 4D-CT, acquiring a three dimensional image, referred to as undynamic CT, from the 4D-CT, the undynamic CT comprising at least one first image element representing the at least one primary anatomical element and second image elements representing the secondary anatomical elements; acquiring at least one trajectory, referred to as primary trajectory, based on the 4D-CT, the at least one primary trajectory describing a path of the at least one first image element as a function of time; acquiring trajectories of the second image elements, referred to as secondary trajectories, based on the 4D-CT; for the image elements of the undynamic CT, determining trajectory similarity values based on the at least one primary trajectory and the secondary trajectories, the trajectory similarity values respectively describing a measure of similarity between a respective one of the secondary trajectories and the at least one primary trajectory; determining the dynamic DRR by using the determined trajectory similarity values, and, in case the planning CT is acquired independently from the 4D-CT, further using a transformation referred to as planning transformation from the undynamic CT to the planning CT, at least a part of image values of image elements of the dynamic DRR being determined by using the trajectory similarity values.

The present invention relates to a radiotherapy apparatus and a method for determining target positions using a radiotherapy apparatus, so as to accurately detect the motion of the tumor position. The method includes: a ray source locating in a first position, and emitting a radiation beam; a detector receiving the radiation beam emitted by the ray source at the first position, and generating first image data of the target according to the radiation beam emitted by the ray source at the first position; the ray source moving to a second position and emitting a radiation beam, wherein an interval at which the ray source moves from the first position to the second position is a positive integer multiple of a preset breathing cycle of a patient; the detector receiving the radiation beam emitted by the ray source at the second position, and generating second image data of the target according to the radiation beam emitted by the ray source at the second position; and determining position information of the target according to the first image data and the second image data.

Systems and methods for implementing an adaptive therapy workflow that minimizes time needed to create a session patient model, select an appropriate plan for the treatment session, and treat the patient.

A machine learning-based method of generating a radiotherapy treatment plan for a patient, comprises dose prediction and dose mimicking, wherein the dose prediction step involves using a machine learning system that has been trained to consider at least one optimality criterion related to physical or technical restrictions that will affect the delivery of the treatment plan. Thus, at least one of the factors that are normally taken into account in the dose mimicking step is introduced in the dose prediction step. The invention also relates to a method of training such a machine learning system for use in radiotherapy treatment planning, a computer program product and a computer system.

Systems and method for automatically generating structures, such as target volumes, in a treatment image using structure-guided deformation to propagate the structures from a planning image onto the subsequently acquired treatment image.

According to an embodiment, a medical image processing device includes a first image acquirer, a second image acquirer, a direction acquirer, and a movement amount calculator. The first image acquirer acquires a three-dimensional first image obtained by photographing the inside of a body of a patient. The second image acquirer acquires a three-dimensional second image of the inside of the body of the patient imaged at a timing different from that of the first image. The direction acquirer acquires information about an irradiation direction of radiation to the patient in a treatment room. The movement amount calculator outputs a movement amount signal indicating the amount of movement of the second image to be moved to align the position of the patient shown in the second image with the position of the patient shown in the first image based on the path of the radiation set in the first image and the information about the irradiation direction.