A non-access point (AP) station (STA) may be configured for receipt of a multi-user physical layer protocol data unit (MU-PPDU) with network coding. The STA may decode at least portions of a MU-PPDU received from an access point (AP). The MU-PPDU may comprise a first data portion addressed to the STA, a second data portion addressed to a second STA2, and a parity portion addressed to both the stations. The parity portion may be generated by the AP based on a network coding of the first and second data portions. When the first data portion is received by the STA with errors, the STA may attempt to recover the first data portion using both the parity portion and the second data portion.

A multidimensional multilevel coding (MLC) encoder comprises a soft forward error correction (FEC) encoder receiving first bits for generating soft FEC encoded bits, a redundancy generator receiving a subset of the soft FEC encoded bits for generating redundant bits, and a hard FEC encoder receiving second bits for generating hard FEC encoded bits. Combinations of the soft FEC encoded bits, the redundant bits, and the hard FEC encoded bits form labels for mapping to a plurality of constellation points. A MLC decoder comprises a redundancy decoder, a soft FEC decoder and a hard FEC decoder. The redundancy decoder combines log-likelihood-ratios (LLR) of soft FEC encoded bits received from the MLC encoder to allow the soft FEC decoder to produce decoded bits. Decoding of hard FEC encoded bits by the hard FEC decoder is conditioned on values of the bits decoded by the soft FEC decoder.

Embodiments of this disclosure improve the reliability of blind decoding when beamforming is used by having a user equipment (UE) receive a single downlink control information (DCI) message with different transmission and/or reception parameters. In some embodiments, a UE receives more than one set of configuration parameters, where any two sets of configuration parameters out of the more than one set of configuration parameters have at least one different parameter. The UE may receive two sets of configuration parameters each having a different transmission modes, but the same search space type. Additional examples are also provided.

A method and an apparatus for transmitting and receiving a signal based on a spatial parameter in a wireless communication system are disclosed. A method of performing downlink reception by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise: receiving, from a base station, at least one of downlink control information (DCI) or configuration information including a first spatial parameter for uplink transmission; and receiving, from the base station, a downlink channel based on a second spatial parameter based on the first spatial parameter, and based on that the downlink channel is a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), the second spatial parameter based on the first spatial parameter may be applied for at least one specific CORESET among at least one CORESET configured for the UE.

The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5.sup.th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. The present application relates to the field of radio communication technology, and discloses a random access method, a terminal equipment, and a computer readable storage medium, wherein the random access method includes: receiving configuration information for random access from a base station; determining available first physical random access channel transmission occasions (ROs) according to at least one configured CSI-RS based on the configuration information; and performing random access according to the available first ROs. The method of the embodiment of the present application enables the UE to determine the time-frequency resources for random access by the configured CSI-RS indication.

A method implemented in a computer system includes training a network, which is obtained by unfolding an iterative algorithm for demodulation or demodulation and decoding, using a machine learning technique with a loss function that takes into account non-Gaussianity of a log-likelihood ratio (LLR) distribution calculated from an output of the network. The method further includes producing a first set of learned parameters of that iterative algorithm.

This disclosure provides a decoding method and apparatus in the communications field. The method includes: extracting at least one piece of prior information from at least one first transport block that has been successfully decoded, and assembling the at least one piece of prior information into a prior information set, where one piece of prior information includes header information of a transmission protocol layer of one first transport block; when a to-be-decoded second transport block sent by a transmit end is received, selecting first prior information from the prior information set, where the second transport block is a transport block obtained by the transmit end by coding a third transport block; and decoding the second transport block based on the first prior information and first demodulation information of the second transport block, to obtain the third transport block.

A transmitter is provided. The transmitter includes: a low density parity check (LDPC) encoder configured to encode input bits to generate an LDPC codeword including the input bits and parity bits; a repeater configured to select at least a part of bits constituting the LDPC codeword and add the selected bits after the input bits; and a puncturer configured to puncture at least a part of the parity bits.

A transmitter apparatus and a receiver apparatus are provided. The transmitter apparatus includes: an encoder configured to generate a low density parity check (LDPC) by performing LDPC encoding; an interleaver configured to interleave the LDPC codeword; and a modulator configured to map the interleaved LDPC codeword onto a modulation symbol. The modulator maps a bit included in a predetermined group from among a plurality of groups constituting the LDPC codeword onto a predetermined bit in the modulation symbol.

Systems and devices can include a port for transmitting data; and a link coupled to the port. The port, in preparation to transmit a data block across the link, to determine a size of a burst of data to be transmitted across the link; determine a plurality of error correcting code words for forward error correction based on the size of the burst of data; interleave each of the plurality of error correcting code words to correspond with consecutive symbols of the burst of data; and transmit the burst of data comprising the interleaved plurality of error correcting code across the link.