An IORT device (10) for radiotherapy treatment of cancer patients, comprising a source of particles, an accelerating device (11), which sends a beam of particles (12) on a target (14) through an applicator (15), a scattering filter (16), which allows the distance between the source of particles and the target (14) to be kept within a range compatible with the use of IORT devices (10) in standard operating rooms, and an optical system for collimating the beam of particles (12), which is placed between the scattering filter (16) and the applicator (15); specifically, the optical collimating system of the beam of particles comprises a primary screen (17), configured to shield the radiation produced by the scattering filter (16), a secondary screen (18), configured to shield the photons produced on the primary screen (17), and a collimating apparatus (19), which provides for housing the monitor chambers (20).

Methods for treating tumors by administering FLASH radiation and a therapeutic agent to a patient with cancer are disclosed. The methods provide the dual benefits of anti-tumor efficacy plus normal tissue protection when combining therapeutic agents with FLASH radiation to treat cancer patients. The methods described herein also allow for the classification of patients into groups for receiving optimized radiation treatment in combination with a therapeutic agent based on patient-specific biomarker signatures. Also provided are radiation treatment planning methods and systems incorporating FLASH radiation and therapeutic agents.

A method and a system for producing a change in a medium. The method places in a vicinity of the medium at least one energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the energy modulation agent.

Methods for treating tumors by administering FLASH radiation and a therapeutic agent to a patient with cancer are disclosed. The methods provide the dual benefits of anti-tumor efficacy plus normal tissue protection when combining therapeutic agents with FLASH radiation to treat cancer patients. The methods described herein also allow for the classification of patients into groups for receiving optimized radiation treatment in combination with a therapeutic agent based on patient-specific biomarker signatures. Also provided are radiation treatment planning methods and systems incorporating FLASH radiation and therapeutic agents.

In order to achieve improved dose control, a device for irradiating an object having an optically observable property is provided. The device includes an applicator for irradiating the object, and a detector system that is configured to capture light being emitted from an irradiated region and, based thereon, to generate a detector signal. A processor unit is configured to calculate a value for the property based thereon and, based on the calculated value, to determine a dose for the irradiation.

According to some aspects, a monochromatic x-ray source is provided. The monochromatic x-ray source comprises an electron source configured to generate electrons, a primary target arranged to receive electrons from the electron source to produce broadband x-ray radiation in response to electrons impinging on the primary target, and a secondary target comprising at least one layer of material capable of producing monochromatic x-ray radiation in response to incident broadband x-ray radiation emitted by the primary target.

A method may include identifying a time window of a procedure. The method may also include obtaining operational information of the time window. The operational information may include a limit of pulse repetition frequency (PRF) acceleration and a plurality of preliminary radio frequency (RF) PRFs. The method may also include determining a plurality of updated RF PRFs by updating the plurality of preliminary RF PRFs. A rate of variation between any two adjacent updated RF PRFs may be less than or equal to the limit of PRF acceleration. The method may also include causing an RF source to generate electromagnetic waves at the plurality of updated RF PRFs in the time window.

The invention provides therapeutic methods and kits for treating brain metastases using a particular dosing regimen of the organonitro compound ABDNAZ, radiation therapy, and optionally an additional anti-cancer agent.

An electron block frame pouring fixture, and a method of using the fixture, the fixture including a base member having a recessed portion surrounded on each side, the recessed portion configured to receive an electron block frame therein, and a plurality of clamp members connected to the base member proximate each of the respective sides of the recessed portion, the clamp members being configured to be selectively actuated to press a received electron block frame downward into the recessed portion, wherein the recessed portion is configured to prevent lateral movement of the received electron block frame.

Embodiments described herein provide for coupling Monte Carlo source modeling with deterministic dose calculations. An internal volumetric first scatter distributed source of a patient is determined using Monte Carlo simulations and ingested into one or more dosing algorithms. The dosing algorithms use the source model to determine a dose deposition.