The present disclosure provides an encoding method and an encoder for a (n, n(n−1), n−1) permutation group code in a communication modulation system, in which 2.sup.k k-length binary information sequences are mapped to 2.sup.k n-length permutation codeword signal points in a n-dimensional modulation constellation Γ.sub.n. The constellation Γ.sub.n with the coset characteristics is formed by selecting 2.sup.k n-length permutation codewords from n(n−1) permutation codewords of a code set P.sub.n,x.sub.i of the (n, n(n−1), n−1) permutation group code based on coset partition. The constellation Γ.sub.n is a coset code in which 2.sup.k.sup.1 cosets are included and each coset includes 2.sup.k.sup.2 permutation codewords, where k=k.sub.1+k.sub.2, and 2.sup.k≤n(n−1). The present disclosure utilizes the coset characteristics to realize one-to-one correspondence mapping of the binary information sequence set to the permutation code constellation, so that the time complexity of executing the encoder is at most the linear complexity of the code length n.

In some aspects, methods and apparatus for wireless communications are configured to generate a packet for wireless communication where the packet includes a mark symbol in a preamble of the packet where the mark symbol includes a signature or stamp field in the mark to provide protocol information that indicates the protocol of the packet, such as an 802.11 EHT packet. In some other aspects, a cyclic redundancy check field in the mark symbol may be manipulated in various ways to indicate the protocol of the packet in lieu of providing the signature or stamp field.

Provided are a transmitter and a method for transmitting a data block in a wireless communication system. The method comprises the following steps: deciding the number of bits (s) and encoders (N.sub.ES) to allocate to one axis of a signal constellation; encoding an information bit based on the s and the N.sub.ES and generating a coded block; parsing the coded block based on the s and the N.sub.ES and generating a plurality of frequency sub-blocks; and transmitting the plurality of frequency sub-blocks to a receiver.

The methods and apparatus disclosed herein processes reference signals in an antenna diversity system, e.g., where both the transmitting and receiving devices use multiple antennas. The solution presented herein process reference signals at the transmitting device in such a way to enable the receiving device to efficiently and accurately estimate the covariance matrix associated with data transmitted using transmitter diversity. This is achieved by processing the reference signals used for the covariance estimation and the data signals in the same way, e.g., by precoding data and reference signal portions of one or more signals using the same coding scheme.

Provided is a method of transmitting security information of a single-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) wiretap channel. In the method of transmitting the security information of the single-bit ADC channel, a transmitting terminal adds additive noise to a transmission signal and transmits the transmission signal, and a receiving terminal and a wiretap terminal which each include a single-bit ADC receive the transmission signal, wherein received information is processed so as not to be determined by the wiretap terminal. When intensity of additive noise of the receiving terminal is less than that of additive noise of the wiretap terminal, a binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) distribution is used, and when the intensity of the additive noise of the receiving terminal is greater than that of the additive noise of the wiretap terminal, a codebook is designed using an asymmetric BPSK distribution in which both of two message points have a positive value.

Provided are a transmitter and a method for transmitting a data block in a wireless communication system. The method comprises the following steps: deciding the number of bits (s) and encoders (N.sub.ES) to allocate to one axis of a signal constellation; encoding an information bit based on the s and the N.sub.ES and generating a coded block; parsing the coded block based on the s and the N.sub.ES and generating a plurality of frequency sub-blocks; and transmitting the plurality of frequency sub-blocks to a receiver.

The present disclosure provides an encoding method and an encoder for a (n, n(n1), n1) permutation group code in a communication modulation system, in which 2.sup.k k-length binary information sequences are mapped to 2.sup.k n-length permutation codeword signal points in a n-dimensional modulation constellation .sub.n. The constellation .sub.n with the coset characteristics is formed by selecting 2.sup.k n-length permutation codewords from n(n1) permutation codewords of a code set P.sub.n,x.sub.i of the (n, n(n1), n1) permutation group code based on coset partition. The constellation .sub.n is a coset code in which 2.sup.k.sup.1 cosets are included and each coset includes 2.sup.k.sup.2 permutation codewords, where k=k.sub.1+k.sub.2, and 2.sup.kn(n1). The present disclosure utilizes the coset characteristics to realize one-to-one correspondence mapping of the binary information sequence set to the permutation code constellation, so that the time complexity of executing the encoder is at most the linear complexity of the code length n.

A method, performed by a user equipment (UE), of transmitting an uplink (UL) reference signal in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes receiving first information indicating whether to apply transform precoding and pi/2 binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation to a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), receiving second information indicating whether to apply the pi/2 BPSK modulation to an UL demodulation reference signal (DMRS), and identifying a sequence having characteristics of a first peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) based on the first information and the second information.

The methods and apparatus disclosed herein processes reference signals in an antenna diversity system, e.g., where both the transmitting and receiving devices use multiple antennas The solution presented herein process reference signals at the transmitting device in such a way to enable the receiving device to efficiently and accurately estimate the covariance matrix associated with data transmitted using transmitter diversity. This is achieved by processing the reference signals used for the covariance estimation and the data signals in the same way, e.g., by precoding data and reference signal portions of one or more signals using the same coding scheme.

In some aspects, methods and apparatus for wireless communications are configured to generate a packet for wireless communication where the packet includes a mark symbol in a preamble of the packet where the mark symbol includes a signature or stamp field in the mark to provide protocol information that indicates the protocol of the packet, such as an 802.11 EHT packet. In some other aspects, a cyclic redundancy check field in the mark symbol may be manipulated in various ways to indicate the protocol of the packet in lieu of providing the signature or stamp field.