Signal (SIF) field capacity can be significantly increased by encoding SIG field data using two streams in accordance with a space-time block code (STBC) encoding scheme. Dual-stream SIG field encoding allows for the utilization of higher order modulation schemes, such as quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), which increases SIG field capacity. Dual-stream encoded SIG fields are transmitted using an omnidirectional beam to allow mobile stations to accurately decode the SIG field irrespective of their spatial location.

Signal (SIF) field capacity can be significantly increased by encoding SIG field data using two streams in accordance with a space-time block code (STBC) encoding scheme. Dual-stream SIG field encoding allows for the utilization of higher order modulation schemes, such as quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), which increases SIG field capacity. Dual-stream encoded SIG fields are transmitted using an omnidirectional beam to allow mobile stations to accurately decode the SIG field irrespective of their spatial location.

A transceiver includes a vector modulator and a phased array antenna including a plurality of quad polarization antenna cells. The vector modulator is configured to modify an information signal to generate two excitation signals based on a selected polarization. The polarization is selected as one of at least vertical, horizontal, right hand circular, and left hand circular. The vector modulator is configured to drive at least one of the quad polarization antenna cells with the two excitation signals to achieve the selected polarity.

A transceiver includes a vector modulator and a phased array antenna including a plurality of quad polarization antenna cells. The vector modulator is configured to modify an information signal to generate two excitation signals based on a selected polarization. The polarization is selected as one of at least vertical, horizontal, right hand circular, and left hand circular. The vector modulator is configured to drive at least one of the quad polarization antenna cells with the two excitation signals to achieve the selected polarity.

Provided are a data modulation method and device, a data demodulation method and device, a service node, a terminal, and a medium. The data modulation method is applied to the service node, and the data modulation method includes that: a modulation parameter A is determined according to a modulation manner of data; and the data is modulated according to a target constellation point symbol, where the target constellation point symbol is a product of A and X, and X is an initial constellation point symbol corresponding to the modulation manner.

Provided are a data modulation method and device, a data demodulation method and device, a service node, a terminal, and a medium. The data modulation method is applied to the service node, and the data modulation method includes that: a modulation parameter A is determined according to a modulation manner of data; and the data is modulated according to a target constellation point symbol, where the target constellation point symbol is a product of A and X, and X is an initial constellation point symbol corresponding to the modulation manner.

Methods, a network node, a wireless device, and computer readable storage medium for 16-QAM based communication are disclosed. A method includes: determining a resource allocation for 16-QAM based communication for the wireless device; and indicating, to the wireless device, a TBS and/or a number of allocated time-domain resources that are associated with the determined resource allocation using a TBS index and a time-domain resource index, wherein the TBS index and the time-domain resource index are determined in accordance with a table for allocating transport blocks and/or number of allocated time-domain resources for the 16-QAM based communication.

Embodiments of this application provide a data transmission method and apparatus. A method at a transmit end includes: obtaining a first sequence, where the first sequence includes a first sub-sequence and a second sub-sequence; mapping the first sub-sequence into K third sub-sequences based on a preset sequence group; performing differential coding and phase modulation on the second sub-sequence to obtain a fourth sequence whose length is K′; obtaining K fifth sub-sequences based on the K third sub-sequences and the K′ fourth sub-sequences; and outputting a second sequence including the K fifth sub-sequences. A method at a receive end includes: obtaining a second sequence including K fifth sub-sequences, and detecting the K fifth sub-sequences based on a preset sequence group to obtain a first sub-sequence; and performing differential demodulation based on the first sub-sequence to obtain a second sub-sequence, so that a first sequence is determined.

Embodiments of this application provide a data transmission method and apparatus. A method at a transmit end includes: obtaining a first sequence, where the first sequence includes a first sub-sequence and a second sub-sequence; mapping the first sub-sequence into K third sub-sequences based on a preset sequence group; performing differential coding and phase modulation on the second sub-sequence to obtain a fourth sequence whose length is K′; obtaining K fifth sub-sequences based on the K third sub-sequences and the K′ fourth sub-sequences; and outputting a second sequence including the K fifth sub-sequences. A method at a receive end includes: obtaining a second sequence including K fifth sub-sequences, and detecting the K fifth sub-sequences based on a preset sequence group to obtain a first sub-sequence; and performing differential demodulation based on the first sub-sequence to obtain a second sub-sequence, so that a first sequence is determined.

A method includes obtaining an in-phase (I) input signal and a quadrature (Q) input signal at a quadrature modulator. The method also includes performing constant envelope bi-phase shift keying (CE-BPSK) modulation using the quadrature modulator to generate a modulated output signal. The modulated output signal includes a CE-BPSK modulated waveform containing phase reversals, and the CE-BPSK modulated waveform has a substantially-constant amplitude during the phase reversals.