The present invention relates to an apparatus (1) for use in irradiation therapy, comprising an ionization module (2) adapted to emit ionization irradiation, and a power source (4) and a control unit (5) to provide a user interface. The apparatus is characterized in that the apparatus comprises an UV module (3) adapted to emit UVA, UVB and/or UVC irradiation (9), whereby the ionization module and the UV module emit irradiation simultaneously or alternately, and the ionization module emits irradiation (8) at a wave length at least below 100 nm. The invention also relates to a use of the apparatus for radiating an object (7) and use of the apparatus and method for treatment of a mammal (7). A detector may measure and/or create an image of the irradiation (6).

A method of identifying cancer patients who would be responsive to bladder sparing surgery plus chemoradiation therapy or cystectomy using expression of MRE11 in a nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio is presented.

The present disclosure provides antibody drug conjugates comprising STING modulators. Also provided are compositions comprising the antibody drug conjugates. The compounds and compositions are useful for stimulating an immune response in a subject in need thereof.

The invention provides methods to modulate hypoxia-mediated tumor immunity by administration of an O.sub.2 carrier polypeptide (e.g., an H-NOX protein). The methods of the invention target both hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) pathways and non-HIF-1α pathways of tumor immunity. Such methods are useful in the treatment of a wide variety of cancers and may be used alone or in combination with other anti-cancer therapies.

A radiotherapy treatment system and method used for conducting radiographic X-ray imaging on a target organ during radiographic treatment. The system comprises (a) an x-ray beam source configurable to deliver an X-ray beam to a target organ, (b) optical means for converging and shaping said beam to a cone-shaped X-ray beam of photons which hit the target organ simultaneously, (c) multiple high-Z nanoparticles attachable to the target organ, said high-Z nanoparticles absorbing said X-ray radiation and emitting X-ray fluorescence (XRF) photons, (d) at least one XRF detector for detecting said XRF photons ejecting out of a patient's body, and (e) control means for controlling the radiotherapy treatment procedure.

The x-ray beam is focusable on a section in the target organ where the concentration of said high-Z nanoparticles leading to a desirable emission of said XRF photons, and in case the emission of said XRF photons decreases, the x-ray beam is movable to refocus on the section in the target organ where the emission of said XRF photons is desirable.

This disclosure relates to compositions and methods for treating cancer by modulating the artemin pathway.

Materials and methods for enhancing the effectiveness of proton radiation therapy (e.g., high linear energy transfer (LET) proton radiation therapy) against tumor cells are provided herein.

It is an object to provide an imaging method and system. According to an embodiment, an imaging method comprises emitting neutrons into a material, wherein the material converts at least part of the emitted neutrons into a first plurality of gamma ray photons, and wherein at least part of the emitted neutrons pass through the material. Based on the neutrons passed through the material and the gamma ray photons, at least one property of the material can be deduced. An imaging method and an imaging system are provided.

The use of dianhydrogalactitol provides a novel therapeutic modality for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme and medulloblastoma. Dianhydrogalactitol acts as an alkylating agent on DNA that creates N7 methylation. Dianhydrogalactitol is effective in suppressing the growth of cancer stem cells and is active against tumors that are refractory to temozolomide; the drug acts independently of the MGMT repair mechanism.

Products, compositions, systems, and methods for modifying a target structure which mediates or is associated with a biological activity, including treatment of conditions, disorders, or diseases mediated by or associated with a target structure, such as a virus, cell, subcellular structure or extracellular structure. The methods may be performed in situ in a non-invasive manner by placing a nanoparticle having a metallic shell on at least a fraction of a surface in a vicinity of a target structure in a subject and applying an initiation energy to a subject thus producing an effect on or change to the target structure directly or via a modulation agent. The nanoparticle is configured, upon exposure to a first wavelength λ.sub.1, to generate a second wavelength λ.sub.2 of radiation having a higher energy than the first wavelength λ.sub.1. The methods may further be performed by application of an initiation energy to a subject in situ to activate a pharmaceutical agent directly or via an energy modulation agent, optionally in the presence of one or more plasmonics active agents, thus producing an effect on or change to the target structure. Kits containing products or compositions formulated or configured and systems for use in practicing these methods.