Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may receive an indication of a mode for mapping multicast broadcast quality of service (MB-QoS) flows to logical channel identifiers and group radio network temporary identifiers (G-RNTIs); identify an MB-QoS flow from a medium access control (MAC) transport block (TB) based at least in part on the indicated mode; and decode data included in the MB-QoS flow. Numerous other aspects are provided.

A base wireless device includes plural transmission buffers storing plural signals having transmission destinations that are different from each other, a transmission processing unit transmitting the signals to plural remote wireless devices respectively, by transmitting the signals stored in the plural transmission buffers in a predetermined order, regardless of whether or not each transmission has been made successfully, and a storage control unit, wherein when a transmission of a signal stored in one of the transmission buffers has been made successfully, the storage control unit overwrites the one transmission buffer from which the transmission has been made successfully, with another signal to be transmitted to a transmission destination that is different from a transmission destination of a signal stored in a transmission buffer other than the one transmission buffer from which the transmission has been made successfully, among the plural transmission buffers.

A multicast packet detection method, to improve detection deployment efficiency, reduce occupation of management bandwidth resources, and improve network management performance, includes: obtaining, by a network device, a first bit index explicit replication (BIER) packet, where the first BIER packet includes a first identifier, and the first identifier is used to instruct the network device to detect the first BIER packet; detecting, by the network device, the first BIER packet based on the first identifier, to obtain detection data; and sending, by the network device, the detection data to a controller.

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to wireless communications, and more particularly, to techniques that allow for enforcement of network latency fairness in multi-user gaming platforms. An example method generally includes identifying multiple user equipments (UEs) participating in a multi-user gaming platform across one or more wide area networks (WANs); and taking one or more actions to support latency fairness in delivery of information across the multiple users via the one or more WANs.

A device to provide fog-enabled multipath VPN (virtual private network) is disclosed. A first endpoint device is configured to form a fog-enabled communication path in a fog network with at least one neighboring device having at least one first IP (internet protocol) address so as to enable at least one VPN tunnel communication path, via said at least one neighboring device, between the first endpoint device and a second endpoint device with a second IP address and to enable multipath VPN tunneling between the first endpoint device and the second endpoint device. In another embodiment, a multipath VPN AP (access point) is disclosed, where the VPN AP uses at least one fog network to provide multipath VPN, and on the other hand, enables sharing of the multiple VPN by a multitude of endpoint devices that connect to the VPN AP through another fog network.

A content distribution network includes a first server in communication with an anycast server that provides content via a unicast signal, and with a multicast server that provides the content via a multicast signal. The first server is configured to receive a list of source addresses associated with the content, and to provide a metadata file including an anycast Internet protocol address of the anycast server from the list of source addresses as an Internet protocol address of the content in response to a first request for the content. When the number of client devices requesting the content exceeds a first threshold, the first server receives an updated list of sources including a multicast Internet protocol address of a multicast server, and provides the multicast Internet protocol address of the multicast server as the Internet protocol address of the content in the metadata file.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. Generally, the described techniques provide a base station receiving an indication from a core network to serve multicast/broadcast traffic to one or more UEs. The base station may select a radio bearer mode from a plurality of radio bearer modes for delivery of the multicast/broadcast traffic to at least one UE of the one or more UEs. For example, the base station may select a multicast/broadcast only mode, a mixed multicast/broadcast mode and unicast mode, or a unicast mode for service of the traffic. Dependent on the selected mode and/or quality of service, the base station may select a dedicated radio bearer (DRB) for communication of the traffic in a unicast mode (e.g., to a particular UE) or a multicast radio bearer (MRB) for communication of the traffic in a broadcast/multicast mode.

User traffic is processed in a virtualised network. First and second VNFs are initialised in the same network namespace as each other in user space in a host and have access to a shared memory region of the host. The first VNF processes user traffic and the second VNF provides a user plane service in relation to user traffic processed by the first VNF. The first VNF is used to establish a point-to-point, shared-memory interface between the first and second VNFs and is used to classify incoming user traffic. In response to the first VNF determining based on the classifying, that the incoming user traffic is to be subject to the user plane service, the first VNF is used to store the incoming user traffic in the shared memory region of the host to enable the second VNF to provide the user plane service in relation to the incoming trier traffic.

Easy and correct estimation of a relationship between entities is made possible. An entity relationship estimation apparatus that estimates a relationship between a plurality of entities each executing a process is configured to include: a window-based correlation and traffic volume estimation unit that acquires traffic data of a plurality of entities, and calculates correlation values in one or more windows of a predetermined time width of each traffic data of at least one entity pair; and a relationship type estimation unit that estimates a type of relationship between entities of the entity pair based on the correlation values of the windows of the entity pair.

A method and device for transmitting data in a wireless communication network are provided. The method includes: receiving a first multicast session start request message including an identification of a packet data unit (PDU) session corresponding to a multicast service and information on a multicast group from a core network; transmitting a second multicast session start request message including the information on the multicast group to a distribution unit (DU) of the access network; receiving a second multicast session start response message in response to the second multicast session start request message from the DU of the access network; and transmitting a first multicast session start response message to the core network in response to the first multicast session start request message.