Techniques are provided for managing a user space protocol stack are disclosed herein. A nexus in a kernel space can receive a packet from a packet pool, and extract information from the packet to generate a flow key indicating a particular flow for the packet. The nexus can further look up the flow key in a flow table to determine whether there is an existing flow key stored in the flow table matching the flow key of the packet, and store the packet into a batch of packets of the existing flow when the existing flow key matches the flow key of the packet. When a release condition being met, the nexus can release the batch of packets of the existing flow to a user space protocol stack within a user space application through a channel communicatively coupled to the nexus and the user space protocol stack.

The present disclosure relates to a 5th generation (5G) or pre-5G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate after a 4th generation (4G) communication system such as long-term evolution (LTE). An operating method of a device for a user plane function (UPF) in a core network of a wireless communication system may include receiving rule information for processing a packet from a device for a session management function (SMF), processing a packet including user traffic received from a first device based on the rule, and transmitting the processed packet to a second device. Herein, first device or the second device may be a different device which performs a function related to a user plane.

A system and method of downspeeding a media stream transmitted over a communication link from a sender device to a receiving device.

A system and method for determining congestion of a communication link transmitting a media stream over the communication link from a sender device to a receiving device.

A network element includes circuitry and multiple ports. The multiple ports are configured to connect to a communication network. The circuitry is configured to receive via one of the ports a packet that originated from a source node and is destined to a destination node, the packet including a mark that is indicative of a cumulative state derived from at least bandwidth utilization conditions of output ports that were traversed by the packet along a path, from the source node up to the network element, to select a port for forwarding the packet toward the destination node, to update the mark of the packet based at least on a value of the mark in the received packet and on a local bandwidth utilization condition of the selected port, and to transmit the packet having the updated mark to the destination node via the selected port.

Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for associating the start of an encrypted data flow with an application. One apparatus includes a transceiver that communicates with a mobile communication network and a processor. The processor performs an authentication with a network encrypted traffic detection function and detects a data packet generated by a first application. The processor determines whether the data packet is associated with the start of an encrypted data flow for the first application and modifies the data packet to include detection information. The transceiver sends the modified data packet to the mobile communication network.

Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for associating the start of an encrypted data flow with an application. One apparatus includes a transceiver that communicates with a mobile communication network and a processor. The processor performs an authentication with a network encrypted traffic detection function and detects a data packet generated by a first application. The processor determines whether the data packet is associated with the start of an encrypted data flow for the first application and modifies the data packet to include detection information. The transceiver sends the modified data packet to the mobile communication network.

A method for processing a data packet exchanged between an item of client terminal equipment and an item of server equipment in a communication network, which the item of client equipment accesses via a first communication network, a first quality of service level being intended to be applied to the data packet. The method is implemented by an item of routing equipment of the first communication network and includes: detecting in the data packet at least one item of activation information of a second quality of service level to be applied to the data packet; obtaining a quality of service management rule according to the second quality of service level, associated with the item of activation information; applying the second quality of service level to the routing of the data packet according to the obtained rule, instead of the first quality of service level.

A protocol element referred to as a secure handle is described which provides an efficient and reliable method for application-to-application signaling in multi-process and multi-computer environments. The secure handle includes an absolute memory reference which allows the kernel to more quickly and efficiently associate a network data packet with an application's communication context in the kernel.

Technology is disclosed for recovering I/O modules in a storage system using in-band alternate control path (ACP) architecture (“the technology”). The technology enables a storage server to transmit control commands, e.g., for recovering an I/O module, to the I/O module over a data path that is typically used to transmit data commands. The control commands are typically transmitted using ACP that is separate from the data path. By enabling transmission of control commands over the data path, the technology eliminates the need for separate medium for ACP, at least in part, to transmit the control commands. The technology can be implemented in a pure in-band ACP mode, which supports recovering an I/O module of a storage shelf in which at least one I/O module is responsive, and/or in a mixed in-band ACP mode, which supports recovery of I/O modules of a storage shelf in which all I/O modules are non-responsive.