A session management method, device, and system, such that a terminal can access a local data network using a local user plane function (UPF) network element even when the terminal is out of a management area of a remote anchor session management function (SMF) network element. The method includes: receiving, by an intermediate session management network element, one or more local data network access identifiers (DNAIs); and determining, by the intermediate session management network element, a target DNAI based on current location information of a terminal and the one or more local DNAIs, where the target DNAI is used to select a local session management network element for the terminal.

A method for handling a collision of a UE-requested MA PDU session release procedure and a network-requested MA PDU session release procedure is proposed. If the Access type IE is included in the PDU SESSION RELEASE COMMAND message, and the PDU session is an MA PDU session and having user-plane resources established on the access different from the access indicated in the Access type IE in the PDU SESSION RELEASE COMMAND message, then the UE proceeds with both the UE-requested PDU session release procedure and network-requested PDU session release procedure. Otherwise, the UE aborts the UE-requested PDU session release procedure and stops the timer T3582 and proceeds with the network-requested PDU session release procedure.

Provided is a communication unit configured to allow a function for CIoT to be used even in a 5GS that supports a network-initiated configuration update procedure and a plurality of types of session and service continuities. Further provided is a communication unit configured to appropriately manage, by a user equipment, connection established between the user equipment and a network even in a case that a network-initiated change of a state of the user equipment has been performed. Thereby, the communication unit for implementing the function for CIoT in the 5GS and the communication unit for implementing a network-initiated procedure of changing the state of the user equipment are provided.

Channel state information (CSI) reporting may be used for wireless communications. CSI reporting may be activated or deactivated. During the activation of CSI reporting and based on one or more criteria, a scheduled uplink transmission may be selected.

Channel state information (CSI) reporting may be used for wireless communications. CSI reporting may be activated or deactivated. During the activation of CSI reporting and based on one or more criteria, a scheduled uplink transmission may be selected.

Systems, apparatuses, and methods are described for the management of network access. Implementations may utilize a data service, such as a virtual private network (VPN). A VPN may be configured to detect the situations in which a user may be attempting to circumvent a local network restriction. If a local network Wi-Fi gateway restricts Internet access, but a user device circumvents that gateway to reach another network, such as the VPN, via a different local connection (e.g., via a neighbor's Wi-Fi gateway, or a cellular data connection), then notifications may be sent to a controlling device, such as a parental device, which in turn can be used to deny access. A local gateway and/or a network connection management application comprising a VPN module on the user device may also cooperate in the detection of this circumvention.

A method for controlling an execution (signalling) of a non-3.sup.rd generation partnership project (3GPP) interworking function (N3IWF) is provided. The method includes splitting a signalling of a N3IWF into a control plane signalling and a user plane signalling, where the control plane signalling is handled by an N3IWF-C device and the user plane signalling is handled by an N3IWF-U device. Further, the method includes adding the E10 interface between the N3IWF-C device and the N3IWF-U device. Further, the method includes monitoring the E10 interface, whereas the E10 interface includes an E10AP. The N3IWF-C device and the N3IWF-U device enables a plurality of services between the N3IWF-C device and the N3IWF-U device. The plurality of services includes an interface management service, a bear management service, a trace management service, and a load management service.

A first base station (1) is configured to send, to a second base station (2), first configuration information that is necessary to establish a data bearer and a data radio bearer in the second base station (2) for a C/U-plane split scenario. Further, the first base station (1) is configured to send, to a third base station (3), configuration information (e.g., LPN information) regarding the data bearer established in the second base station (2) when a mobile station (4) moves from a first cell (10) to a third cell (30) (S103 and S104). It is thus, for example, possible to contribute to a reduction in wasted signaling when a UE moves between cells in the C/U-plane split scenario.

A first base station (1) is configured to send, to a second base station (2), first configuration information that is necessary to establish a data bearer and a data radio bearer in the second base station (2) for a C/U-plane split scenario. Further, the first base station (1) is configured to send, to a third base station (3), configuration information (e.g., LPN information) regarding the data bearer established in the second base station (2) when a mobile station (4) moves from a first cell (10) to a third cell (30) (S103 and S104). It is thus, for example, possible to contribute to a reduction in wasted signaling when a UE moves between cells in the C/U-plane split scenario.

A method for setting a value of an inactivity timer for transitioning between states of a data session in a network comprising a first entity and a second entity providing network analytics is provided. The method includes obtaining, by the second entity, input data comprising communication description information for at least one user equipment (UE), and providing, by the second entity to the first entity, output analytics generated based on the input data, the output analytics comprising UE communications analytics for each data session where the output analytics are used to determining whether to update a value of an inactivity timer for a data session.