An interworking gateway for X2 interface communication is disclosed, comprising: an X2 internal interface for communicating with, and coupled to, a plurality of radio access networks (RANs) using a X2AP protocol; a database for associating each of the plurality of RANs with support status for an X2AP protocol version; an X2AP interworking broker for determining, based on communications with each of the plurality of RANs via the X2 internal interface, the support status for an X2AP protocol version for each of the plurality of RANs, the communications further comprising an observed response to a X2AP message of a first X2AP protocol version; and an X2 external interface for communicating with, and coupled to, a destination outside of the plurality of RANs.

Methods and computer readable medium are disclosed for providing an outer header for a packet. In one embodiment a method includes receiving an outer header creation IE type encoded and containing instructions to create an outer header, an outer header creation description field taking a form of a bitmask, each bit indicating the outer header to be created in the outgoing packet; wherein when the outer header creation packet creation IE requests creation of an IP header, a source IP address is included in an IP header of an outgoing packet; and sending the outgoing packet including a source IP in the newly added outer IP header.

The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. The present disclosure further relates to a method by a session management function (SMF) in a network including a session that is established via a first user plane function (UPF). The method includes determining whether to change the first UPF to a second UPF, and transmitting, to a terminal via an access and mobility function (AMF), a first message including a maintain time of the session established via the first UPF, when the first UPF needs to be changed.

A wireless communication terminal for wireless communication is disclosed. The wireless communication terminal includes: a transceiver; and a processor. The processor is configured to transmit a non-legacy physical layer frame including a legacy signaling field including information decodable by a legacy wireless communication terminal by using the transceiver.

A method and apparatus are provided to enable or aid network-controlled selection of an IP address (and anchor) to be used by a WTRU on an application/service basis. In one example, a method is provided for a WTRU to establish a link with a gateway, transmit a query related to a selected application via the gateway, receive an advertisement for an internet protocol (IP) address, and use the IP address to communicate via the gateway with respect to the selected application. It may be assumed that there are more than one possible IP address/anchor available for the WTRU to use, as it might be the case in a mobility environment, in which an operator can provide addresses with different mobility capabilities.

The present disclosure provides a method (400) for supporting event monitoring in a first apparatus, comprising: sending (S401) to a second apparatus a monitoring request message including a monitoring type parameter indicating a requested monitoring event to be monitored for one or a group of User Equipment UEs; and receiving (S402) from the second apparatus a first monitoring response message or a first monitoring indication message including a monitoring event report of the requested monitoring event of the one or group of UEs.

A device may determine that an application server requires an IPv6 address of a user equipment, and may provide, to another network device, a request for the IPv6 address of the user equipment, wherein the request includes data identifying an IP address of the network device and a port of the network device, and wherein the request is to cause the other network device to provide the request for the IPv6 address to the user equipment via a SMS request message, and receive, from the user equipment, data identifying the IPv6 address and a port of the user equipment via a SMS response message. The network device may receive, from the other network device, a response that includes the data identifying the IPv6 address and the port of the user equipment, and may store the data identifying the IPv6 address and the port of the user equipment.

Embodiments of a method and an apparatus for wireless communications are disclosed. In an embodiment, a method for wireless communications involves encoding bits in a first preamble portion of a packet that are defined on a per-channel basis and that are repeated across multiple frequency blocks of a bandwidth, encoding bits in a second preamble portion of the packet that are defined on the per-channel basis and that are repeated within at least one frequency block of the bandwidth, encoding bits in a third preamble portion of the packet that are defined on a two-channel basis and that are repeated within at least one frequency block of the bandwidth, padding the third preamble portion of the packet to have a same length for each of the frequency blocks, and transmitting the packet.

The invention relates to a method for discovering a home agent serving a mobile node upon the mobile node changing its mobility management scheme in a packet-switched network and the implementation of such method in a mobile node or home agent. In order to propose a home agent discover scheme that maintains session continuity in a seamless manner upon a mobile node changing its mobility management scheme, a mobile node comprises information on its location prior to changing the mobility management scheme to one of the first signaling messages transmitted upon changing the mobility management scheme (home agent discovery message). The receiving node uses this information to identify the home agent serving the mobile node or to provide a hint to the home agent where the mobile node is registered in a response message to the mobile node.

A data system controls a virtual Probe (vProbe) in a Network Function Virtualization Infrastructure (NFVI). A probe controller transfers header separation instructions for a multiple protocols to the vProbe. The vProbe receives data packets and identifies the protocols in the data packets. The vProbe retrieves header data from individual data packets based on the header separation instructions for the individual protocols in the individual data packets. The vProbe transfers the retrieved header data based on the header separation instructions.