A PTC heating module for a battery-operated motor vehicle may include a first and a second electrode, and a plurality of PTC elements. The first and second electrodes may be configured to be electrically conductive. The plurality of PTC elements may be arranged between the first and second electrodes and may be spaced apart from one another in a longitudinal direction of the PTC heating module. The first and second electrodes may be connected to the plurality of PTC elements. At least one of the first and second electrodes may be subdivided into at least two electrode tracks. The at least two electrode tracks may be electrically isolated from one another. Each of the at least two electrode tracks may be connected to the plurality of PTC elements.

A vehicle includes a defrost window. The defrost window includes a transparent substrate, a carbon nanotube film, a first electrode, a second electrode and a protective layer. The transparent substrate has a top surface. The carbon nanotube film is disposed on the top surface of the transparent substrate. The first electrode and the second electrode electrically connect to the carbon nanotube film and space from each other. The protective layer covers the carbon nanotube film.

A heating plate includes: a pair of glass plates; a conductive pattern disposed between the pair of glass plates and defining a plurality of opening areas; and a joint layer disposed between the conductive pattern and at least one of the pair of glass plates; wherein the conductive pattern includes a plurality of connection elements that extend between two branch points to define the opening areas; and a rate of the connection elements, which are straight line segments connecting the two branch points, relative to the plurality of connection elements, is less than 20%.

A support pedestal is provided that includes a substrate having a top resistive layer defining a first set of zones and a bottom resistive layer defining a second set of zones. Each zone of the first and second set of zones is coupled to at least two electric terminals from among a plurality of electric terminals, and a total number of electric terminals is less than or equal to a total of the first and second set of zones.

The present application relates to the field of smoking devices, and provides an aerosol generation apparatus and an infrared heater. The aerosol generation apparatus comprises a chamber used for receiving an aerosol-forming substrate; and at least one infrared heater configured to radiate infrared rays to the chamber to heat the aerosol-forming substrate. The infrared heater comprises multiple infrared heating regions used for heating different parts of the aerosol-forming substrate, and predetermined spacing is maintained between adjacent infrared heating regions. The multiple infrared heating regions are configured to be non-independently started. According to the present application, the multiple infrared heating regions are non-independently started to heat the different parts of the aerosol-forming substrate, and because the predetermined spacing is maintained between adjacent infrared heating regions, the parts of the aerosol-forming substrate corresponding to the infrared heating regions have a significant temperature difference from the parts of the aerosol-forming substrate corresponding to the preset spacing, thereby avoiding the problem that the volatilization of cigarette components is relatively single, and improving the smoking experience of the user.

A personal vaporizer includes a heating element having a generally upside-down cup shape. An air warming space is defined within the cup shape, and intake air is delivered into the air warming space. Vaporization media is delivered adjacent a top wall of the heating element. The heating element warms the vaporization media so that it flows downwardly along a side wall of the heating element. The side wall of the heating element is heated sufficient to atomize the vaporization media. Warmed intake air from the air warming space is drawn through the atomized media, forming a vapor that can be inhaled by a user.

A system for preventing the formation of ice or removing ice from an undercarriage or roof of an automotive vehicle such as a truck or a trailer. The system comprises a combination of a network of a plurality of conductive heating elements. The system can be implemented on the undercarriage or roof without altering the configuration of the undercarriage or roof by attaching the system to a deck and cross beams of the undercarriage or roof. The system is powered by an auxiliary power unit and controlled by a thermostatic controller.

Examples of the present disclosure generally relate to wind turbine blades configured to minimize or eliminate buildup of ice on the blades. In order to maintain an ice free surface on a wind turbine blade, one or more ETH panels are embedded in the wind turbine blade to heat the wind turbine blade. One or more busbars are electrically connected to each of the one or more ETH panels for conducting electrical power to the ETH panels. The busbars may be disposed in an overlapping configuration to provide uniform heating of the wind turbine blade.

A thermoelectric device including a panel, formed of a thermally insulating material, and having a plurality of thermoelectric elements including compacted conductors inside the insulating material and expanded conductors outside the insulating material wherein the thermoelectric elements run substantially parallel to or at an acute angle relative to the long dimension of the panel. The thermoelectric device may be integrated into a variety of surfaces or enclosures needing heating or cooling with controls and configurations to optimize the application.

A pattern conductor generates heat when a voltage is applied thereto and includes: a plurality of linear conductors extending in a thickness direction; and a plurality of connection conductors each connecting the at least three linear conductors. The connection conductor includes a plurality of connection elements each connecting the two linear conductors. A length of the linear conductor between two connection points where two connection elements included in one connection conductor and connected to the same linear conductor are connected to the linear conductor, is equal to or less than an average of lengths of the two connection elements. A length of the linear conductor between two connection points where two connection conductors connected to one and the same linear conductor and adjacent to each other in the thickness direction are connected to the linear conductor, is twice or more an average of lengths of the two connection conductors.