An ozone generator for a hot tub, the ozone generator comprising an elongate body comprising an inlet and an outlet to define a flow path therealong and first and second electrodes spaced apart to define a gap therebetween, said gap being provided along the flow path. The ozone generator is configured to apply an electrical charge to the first and second electrodes, in use, to generate an electric arc discharge across the gap. The ozone generator further comprises a shielding arrangement configured to isolate the first and second electrodes from the electric arc discharge generated during use. By isolating the electrodes from the electric arc discharge, they are shielded from surface oxidation and subsequent corrosion caused by the electric arc discharge, thereby improving service life.

The present invention relates to a method of operating an ozone generator, a transformer assembly and an ozone generator apparatus configured to be operated at an operational frequency range between 25-40 kHz, such as between 30 and 40 kHz.

An example system and corresponding method can include a combustion chamber of jet engine, a radio-frequency power source, and a resonator. The combustion chamber can include a liner defining a combustion zone, and include a fuel inlet configured to introduce fuel into the combustion zone. The resonator can have a resonant wavelength and include: a first conductor, a second conductor, a dielectric, and an electrode coupled to the first conductor. The resonator can be configured such that, when the resonator is excited by the radio-frequency power source with a signal having a wavelength proximate to an odd-integer multiple of one-quarter (¼) of the resonant wavelength, the resonator provides a plasma corona in the combustion zone. The controller can be configured to cause the radio-frequency power source to excite the resonator with the signal so as to provide the plasma corona.

Surface modification device forms a discharge area E1 between a discharge electrode 6 and a counter electrode 4, supplies substitution gas to the discharge area E1, and modifies the surface of the base material to be processed. The surface modification device comprises; a slit-shaped substitution gas passage; and cover members 7, 8 that form curtain passages 22, 23 in spaces facing the discharge electrode. While the substitution gas is being supplied to the discharge area E1, gas injected from the curtain passages 22, 23 prevent the inflow of an entrained flow a and the outflows b1, b2 of the substitution gas, thereby maintaining the concentration of substitution gas inside the discharge area E1.

An array of non-thermal plasma emitters is controlled to emit plasma based on application of an electric current at desired frequencies and a controlled power level. A power supply for an array controller includes a transformer that operates at the resonant frequency of the combined capacitance of the array and the cable connecting the array to the power supply. The power into the array is monitored by the controller and can be adjusted by the user. The controller monitors reflected power characteristics, such as harmonics of the alternating current, to determine initiation voltage of the plasma and/or resonant frequency plasma emitters. The array of non-thermal plasma emitters may be used in therapeutic, diagnostic, and/or medical sanitization applications, including where a non-thermal plasma treatment regimen for infections such as Trichophyton rubrum, or other fungal infections, is prescribed.

A method for plasma coating an object includes an object profile, having the steps of: a) manufacturing a replaceable shield comprising a jet inlet, a nozzle outlet and a sidewall extending from the jet inlet to the nozzle outlet, wherein the nozzle outlet includes an edge essentially congruent to at least part of the object profile; b) detachably attaching the replaceable shield to a jet outlet of a plasma jet generator; c) placing the object at the nozzle outlet such that the object profile fits closely to the nozzle outlet edge; d) plasma coating the object with a low-temperature, oxygen-free plasma at an operating pressure which is higher than the atmospheric pressure by providing a plasma jet in the shield via the plasma jet generator and injecting coating precursors in the plasma jet in the shield.

A surface treatment device includes a body and a plasma source disposed within the body. The plasma source includes a first inlet through the body and an ionization wave generator adjacent the first inlet to receive feedstock gas via the first inlet. The ionization wave generator includes a dielectric tube that necks down to define an elongated throat. The surface treatment device also includes a second inlet through the body and an expansion nozzle disposed within the body downstream of the second inlet. The second inlet is disposed at the elongated throat to provide further feedstock gas.

Disclosed herein are apparatuses and methods for generating non-thermal plasma which can form reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as those used to neutralize bacteria and other pathogens in the air and surrounding area. Also disclosed are apparatuses and methods for neutralizing bacteria and other pathogens using ROS generated through the use of non-thermal plasma. Also disclosed are apparatuses and methods for generating ROS. Also disclosed are apparatuses and methods for treating air and nearby surfaces. Also disclosed herein are apparatuses for generating non-thermal plasma, and which can monitor and analyze the operational characteristics of a plasma field generated by the aforementioned devices and/or the electrical consumption characteristics of the power supply being used to generate the plasma field, which analyzed characteristics can be used to trigger an alarm to indicate that the device is not functioning optimally or as otherwise expected.

A connector is configured to electrically connect a plasma emitter array with an identification chip to a power supply controller, and to further mechanically support the emitter device supporting the array during use. Cooperating components of the connector and emitter device form a magnetic latch assembly: the connector includes one or more magnets flush with a top receiving surface of the connector, and one or more alignment pegs extending outward from the receiving surface; the emitter device includes a steel plate attached to a substrate, and one or more holes disposed through the plate and the substrate. The holes align with the alignment pegs and the magnets attract the plate and secure the emitter device against the top receiving surface. Electrical contacts of the connector establish electrical communication with the identification chip, providing power to the emitter device and enabling the controller to read data stored in the identification chip.

A method of generating a non-thermal microplasma, including the steps of providing a fibrous air-filter, arranging one or more pairs of elongated, adjacent, substantially parallel spaced-apart electrodes on the fibrous air-filter, wherein a discharge gap is defined between each pair; placing a component in signal communication with the electrodes for applying a voltage between each pair; and generating a non-thermal microplasma in a corresponding discharge gap and thereby removing one or more combustion byproducts from ambient air.