Provided is a solid-state image pickup device that makes it possible to enhance image quality, and a manufacturing method thereof, and an electronic apparatus. A solid-state image pickup device includes a pixel section that includes a plurality of pixels, the pixels each including one or more organic photoelectric conversion sections, wherein the pixel section includes an effective pixel region and an optical black region, and the organic photoelectric conversion sections of the optical black region include a light-shielding film and a buffer film on a light-incidence side.

The present inventive concept provides a solar cell, including: a semiconductor substrate; a first semiconductor layer provided on one surface of the semiconductor substrate; a second semiconductor layer provided on one surface of the first semiconductor layer; a third semiconductor layer provided on one surface of the second semiconductor layer; a first transparent conductive layer provided on one surface of the third semiconductor layer; and a first electrode provided on one surface of the first transparent conductive layer, wherein the second semiconductor layer includes a p-type semiconductor layer, and the third semiconductor layer includes a p+-type semiconductor layer including W, and a method of manufacturing the solar cell.

The present inventive concept provides a solar cell, including: a semiconductor substrate; a first semiconductor layer provided on one surface of the semiconductor substrate; a second semiconductor layer provided on one surface of the first semiconductor layer; a third semiconductor layer provided on one surface of the second semiconductor layer; a first transparent conductive layer provided on one surface of the third semiconductor layer; and a first electrode provided on one surface of the first transparent conductive layer, wherein the second semiconductor layer includes a p-type semiconductor layer, and the third semiconductor layer includes a p+-type semiconductor layer including W, and a method of manufacturing the solar cell.

Provided is a solid-state image pickup device that makes it possible to enhance image quality, and a manufacturing method thereof, and an electronic apparatus. A solid-state image pickup device includes a pixel section that includes a plurality of pixels, the pixels each including one or more organic photoelectric conversion sections, wherein the pixel section includes an effective pixel region and an optical black region, and the organic photoelectric conversion sections of the optical black region include a light-shielding film and a buffer film on a light-incidence side.

A method for improving contact resistance of a multi-junction solar cell having a front and a back and multiple subcells, including: a) delivering the solar cell with front and back contacts in grid, strip or transparent form; b) contact-connecting one region of the back contact to a contact device connected to one pole of a voltage source, and the front contact or another region of the back contact, which is electrically insulated from the region, to another contact device, which is connected to the other pole of the voltage source; c) applying a voltage against the forward direction of the solar cell to the contacts, the voltage smaller than a solar cell breakdown voltage; d) guiding a point light source over the solar cell, a subregion of the front or back being illuminated, inducing current in the subregion, and illuminating the subregion with light beams of different wavelengths.

A method for improving contact resistance of a multi-junction solar cell having a front and a back and multiple subcells, including: a) delivering the solar cell with front and back contacts in grid, strip or transparent form; b) contact-connecting one region of the back contact to a contact device connected to one pole of a voltage source, and the front contact or another region of the back contact, which is electrically insulated from the region, to another contact device, which is connected to the other pole of the voltage source; c) applying a voltage against the forward direction of the solar cell to the contacts, the voltage smaller than a solar cell breakdown voltage; d) guiding a point light source over the solar cell, a subregion of the front or back being illuminated, inducing current in the subregion, and illuminating the subregion with light beams of different wavelengths.

A tandem solar cell is provided. The tandem solar cell includes: a light absorbing layer group, including an excitation layer, a first electron transport layer group provided on a first side of the excitation layer and a first hole transport layer group provided on a second side of the excitation layer; a heterojunction layer group, where the heterojunction layer group includes a first side being a second electron transport layer in contact with the first hole transport layer group, and a second side being a second hole transport layer; a reflection layer is provided on a side of the second hole transport layer; and the reflection layer reflects sunlight irradiated thereon through the light absorbing layer group and the heterojunction layer group into the tandem solar cell.

A tandem cell and a manufacturing method thereof are provided in the present disclosure, so as to improve hole transmission performance of the tandem cell. The tandem cell includes a bottom cell, a hole transporting layer formed on the bottom cell, a perovskite absorbing layer formed on the hole transporting layer, and a transparent conducting layer formed above the perovskite absorbing layer. A material of the hole transporting layer includes a semiconductor material with a p-type delafossite structure, and a valence band top energy level of the hole transporting layer sequentially decreases in a direction away from the bottom cell, which has dual functions of carrier transport and carrier recombination, so as to simplify a cell structure and optimize the photoelectric conversion efficiency. The tandem cell and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present disclosure are used for manufacturing the tandem cell.

A photovoltaic film system is provided for use with a near end-of-life or end-of-life silicon solar panel, the photovoltaic film system comprising a translucent photovoltaic film stack which includes, in order, an outer protective layer, an outer translucent electrode layer, one of an electron transport layer or a hole transport layer, a semi-conductor perovskite layer, the other of the hole transport layer or the electron transport layer and an inner translucent electrode layer; an inverter; and electrical connectors connecting the inverter to each of the outer translucent electrode layer and the inner translucent electrode layer. The photovoltaic film system can be used to restore near end-of-life or end-of-life silicon solar panels in situ.

A photovoltaic film system is provided for use with a near end-of-life or end-of-life silicon solar panel, the photovoltaic film system comprising a translucent photovoltaic film stack which includes, in order, an outer protective layer, an outer translucent electrode layer, one of an electron transport layer or a hole transport layer, a semi-conductor perovskite layer, the other of the hole transport layer or the electron transport layer and an inner translucent electrode layer; an inverter; and electrical connectors connecting the inverter to each of the outer translucent electrode layer and the inner translucent electrode layer. The photovoltaic film system can be used to restore near end-of-life or end-of-life silicon solar panels in situ.