An organic field effect transistor includes a channel structure having a photoalignment layer and an organic semiconductor layer disposed directly over the photoalignment layer, where a charge carrier mobility varies along a thickness direction of the channel structure. The channel structure may define an active area between a source and a drain of the transistor and may include alternating layers of at least two photoalignment layers and at least two organic semiconductor layers. Each photoalignment layer is configured to influence an orientation of molecules within an overlying organic semiconductor layer and hence impact the mobility of charge carriers within the device active area while also advantageously decreasing the OFF current of the device.

Methods of forming films of aligned carbon nanotubes on a substrate surface are provided. The films are deposited from carbon nanotubes that have been concentrated and confined at a two-dimensional liquid/liquid interface. The liquid/liquid interface is formed by a dispersion of organic material-coated carbon nanotubes that flows over the surface of an immiscible liquid within a flow channel. Within the interface, the carbon nanotubes self-organize via liquid crystal phenomena and globally align along the liquid flow direction. By translating the interface across the substrate, large-area, wafer-scale films of aligned carbon nanotubes can be deposited on the surface of the substrate in a continuous and scalable process.

A flexible substrate, including: a first organic layer, an inorganic barrier layer, a metal layer and a second organic layer which are stacked in sequence, and the metal layer is for improving binding force between the inorganic barrier layer and the second organic layer. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the metal layer is provided between the inorganic barrier layer and the second organic layer, so as to improve bonding force between the inorganic barrier layer and the second organic layer, prevent the second organic layer from peeling off from the inorganic barrier layer, and further improve reliability of a flexible display device.

A display device and a manufacturing method of the display device are provided. The display device includes a substrate; a pixel definition layer disposed on the substrate and having a plurality of pixel openings; a surface-active nanolayer disposed on a surface of the substrate and on a surface extending to the pixel definition layer, wherein the surface-active nanolayer covers a plurality of nanoparticles; and a light-emitting layer disposed in the plurality of pixel openings.

A flexible display device may include a display panel that is divided into an active area, a non-active area, and a bending area and having one edge that is bent in a rear direction to have a predetermined curvature, first and second back plates disposed on a rear surface of the display panel, a metal plate disposed on a rear surface of the first back plate and a coating layer disposed on an exposed rear edge of the metal plate. Accordingly, device set-up time can be shortened, and alignment accuracy can be improved.

A light-emitting element includes: anode; a cathode; a light-emitting layer, and containing a light-emitting material; a hole-transport layer, and containing an organic hole-transport material; a hole-injection layer disposed between the anode and the hole-transport layer, and containing an inorganic hole-transport material; and an organic layer disposed between the hole-transport layer and the hole-injection layer. The organic layer contains an aromatic compound having: a functional group R.sup.1 capable of chemically bonding to the inorganic hole-transport material; a functional group R.sup.2 that is a functional group containing at an end at least one selected from a hydrogen atom, a nitro group, a cyano group, a halogen group, a carboxyl group, an aldehyde group, a hydroxyl group, an ester bond with one to three carbons, an alkyl group with one to three carbons or an amid group; and an aromatic ring to which each of the R.sup.1 and the R.sup.2 bonds.

A method for depositing nanostructures on a substrate comprises: forming a patterned alignment layer on a surface of the substrate, wherein the patterned alignment layer has one or more cavities each having a main region for accommodating at least one template nanostructure therein and a plurality of extension regions extending from the main region and in fluid communication with the main region, and wherein the plurality of extension regions are sized and shaped to not accommodate the at least one template nanostructure; and diffusing template nanostructures into the one or more cavities of the patterned alignment layer.

An organic light emitting diode comprises a hole transport layer, an emissive layer, and an electron transport layer. The hole transport layer and optionally the electron transport layer is made of a material having a refractive index having a specific anisotropy.

An organic field effect transistor includes a channel structure having a photoalignment layer and an organic semiconductor layer disposed directly over the photoalignment layer, where a charge carrier mobility varies along a thickness direction of the channel structure. The channel structure may define an active area between a source and a drain of the transistor and may include alternating layers of at least two photoalignment layers and at least two organic semiconductor layers. Each photoalignment layer is configured to influence an orientation of molecules within an overlying organic semiconductor layer and hence impact the mobility of charge carriers within the device active area while also advantageously decreasing the OFF current of the device.

A display apparatus includes a light-emitting device with improved reliability while maintaining liquid-repellent properties of peripheral layers after plasma irradiation. The display apparatus includes: a substrate; a pixel electrode disposed on the substrate; a pixel defining layer disposed on the pixel electrode and having an opening that exposes a central portion of the pixel electrode; and a liquid-repellent layer disposed on the pixel defining layer and having an upper surface having a concavo-convex structure.