A magnetic field concentrating or guiding device can include one or more coils, and one or more foil, tape and/or bulk superconductor structures disposed in one or more predetermined positions with relation to the coils. The one or more superconductor structures can form one or more magnetic field carrying regions. During operation, current passing through the one or more coils can generate one or more magnetic fields that are compressed or guided in the magnetic field carrying regions.

According to various embodiments, a system for using magnetic reconnection to accelerate plasma is disclosed. The system includes a pair of electrodes including two concentric rings separated by an electrode gap and held at different electrostatic potential by applying a voltage to generate an inter-electrode electric field. The system further includes a plurality of magnetic coils configured to produce magnetic field lines that connect the pair of electrodes. The system additionally includes a gas injector configured to inject gas into the electrode gap, the injected gas being partially ionized by the inter-electrode electric field to generate a poloidal current that flows along open magnetic field lines across the electrode gap. A total Lorentz force causes oppositely directed magnetic field lines to be expanded around a region of the gas injector to further create an azimuthal current in the form of an axially elongated current sheet that is unstable such that the axially elongated current sheet reconnects and breaks into plasmoids.

As is scientifically well know magnetic flux is a physical force (i.e. the Lorentz force and Ampere's force). The invention utilizes a plurality of electromagnetic and or plasma coils to create high pressure, high velocity magnetic flux directed through variable exhaust nozzles or a cone shaped electrical coil to create thrust for spacecraft.

A magnetic field concentrating or guiding device can include one or more coils, and one or more foil, tape and/or bulk superconductor structures disposed in one or more predetermined positions With relation to the coils. The one or more superconductor structures can form one or more magnetic field carrying regions. During operation, current passing through the one or more coils can generate one or more magnetic fields that are compressed or guided in the magnetic field carrying regions.

The invention relates to a directional magnetic field generator with a magnetic circuit comprising: a first vertical-axis pole end (37) arranged above a horizontal plane; and at least two second pole ends (28A to 28D) symmetrically arranged on said horizontal plane, the generator further comprising coils arranged such that each magnetic circuit portion connecting two pole ends passes inside at least one coil, these coils being suitable for being connected to circuits for circulating currents of adjustable intensity in selected directions therein.

This invention entails the use of fractal shapes as cores for electromagnets, and a concurrent shape of a fractal for the windings which surround it. The novelty of this invention lies not only with the shaping, but the advantage of such shaping, which includes producing a smaller form factor electromagnet for the same desired magnetic field strength, when compared to a conventional electromagnet. It will be appreciated that a range of devices including electromagnets, based on such fractal shaping, are additionally novel and include but are not limited to solenoid switches, relays, and other devices in which the fractal electromagnets are used to make a change in state of some device.

A coil system (30, 40, 50) for generating a homogeneous magnetic field, includes a coil assembly (2), each assembly having at least two coils (S1, S2, S3), the respective windings (W1, W-2, W3) of which span. rotationally symmetrical faces lying plane-parallel to one another having different sizes and a common axis of rotation running perpendicularly to the faces, forming a coil axis (4), wherein a current can flow in the opposite direction through at least one of the coils (S1, S2, S3), and having at least two coil assemblies (2), wherein the coils (S1, S2, S3) of each coil assembly (2) are located within and oriented plane-parallel to the base of a generating pyramid, the tip of which coincides with the centre of a regular convex polyhedron and the base surface of which is identical to one such face of the convex polyhedron, on which the projection of the pyramid tip onto the pyramid base surface coincides with the centre of the pyramid base surface.

A flywheel device includes a base, a cantilever mounted on the base, a bearing seat mounted on the base, first magnetic members mounted on the base, a rotation shaft arranged between the cantilever and the bearing seat, a magnetically floating seat mounted on the rotation shaft, second magnetic members mounted on the magnetically floating seat and corresponding to the first magnetic members, third magnetic members mounted on the magnetically floating seat, a repulsion driver locked on the base and surrounding the magnetically floating seat, fourth magnetic members mounted on the repulsion driver and corresponding to the third magnetic members, and a flywheel unit mounted on the rotation shaft. The second magnetic members have a polarity the same as that of the first magnetic members. The fourth magnetic members have a polarity the same as that of the third magnetic members.

A fusion reactor includes a fusion plasma reactor chamber. A magnetic coil structure is disposed inside of the fusion plasma reactor chamber, and a structural component is also disposed inside of the fusion plasma reactor chamber. The structural component couples the magnetic coil structure to the fusion plasma reactor chamber. A superconducting material is disposed at least partially within the structural component. A plurality of cooling channels are disposed at least partially within the structural component. An insulating material is disposed at least partially within the structural component.

A scanning magnet is positioned downstream of a mass resolving magnet of an ion implantation system and is configured to control a path of an ion beam downstream of the mass resolving magnet for a scanning or dithering of the ion beam. The scanning magnet has a yoke having a channel defined therein. The yoke is ferrous and has a first side and a second side defining a respective entrance and exit of the ion beam. The yoke has a plurality of laminations stacked from the first side to the second side, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of laminations associated with the first side and second side comprise one or more slotted laminations having plurality of slots defined therein.