A silicon carbide semiconductor device, including a semiconductor substrate containing silicon carbide, a bonding wire, and a surface electrode of an aluminum alloy containing silicon, the surface electrode being provided on a surface of the semiconductor substrate, and having a joint portion to which the bonding wire is bonded. The surface electrode has a plurality of silicon nodules formed therein, which include a number of the silicon nodules formed in the joint portion. One of the number of the silicon nodules is of a dendrite structure, and is included at an area percentage of at least 10% relative to a total area of the number of the silicon nodules in the joint portion.

A method of producing a semiconductor device includes forming a plurality of transistor cells in a SiC substrate and electrically connected in parallel to form a transistor having a specified operating temperature range. Forming each transistor cell includes forming a gate structure having a gate electrode, and a gate dielectric stack separating the gate electrode from the SiC substrate and including a ferroelectric insulator. The method further includes doping the ferroelectric insulator with a doping material such that the Curie temperature of the ferroelectric insulator is in a range above the specified operating temperature range of the transistor.

A silicon carbide single crystal substrate includes a first main surface and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface. The first main surface includes a central square region and an outer square region. When viewed in a thickness direction, each of the central square region and the outer square region has a side having a length of 15 mm. The first main surface has a maximum diameter of not less than 100 mm. The silicon carbide single crystal substrate has a TTV of not more than 5 m. A value obtained by dividing a LTIR in the central square region by a LTV in the central square region is not less than 0.8 and not more than 1.2. A value obtained by dividing a LTV in the outer square region by the LTV in the central square region is not less than 1 and not more than 3.

A silicon carbide single crystal substrate includes a first main surface and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface. The first main surface includes a central square region and an outer square region. When viewed in a thickness direction, each of the central square region and the outer square region has a side having a length of 15 mm. The first main surface has a maximum diameter of not less than 100 mm. The silicon carbide single crystal substrate has a TTV of not more than 5 m. A value obtained by dividing a LTIR in the central square region by a LTV in the central square region is not less than 0.8 and not more than 1.2. A value obtained by dividing a LTV in the outer square region by the LTV in the central square region is not less than 1 and not more than 3.

An apparatus for controlling a movement of a grinding wheel of a semiconductor wafer grinding system includes: an interface to obtain a feedback signal including grinding force information indicating a force applied to a semiconductor wafer by the grinding wheel; and a control module to generate a control signal for controlling the movement of the grinding wheel based on the grinding force information. The control module generates the control signal to trigger a forward movement of the grinding wheel according to a desired velocity profile during the grinding, if the grinding force information indicates that a force applied by the grinding wheel is below a force threshold. The control module generates the control signal to trigger a movement of the grinding wheel slower than the desired velocity profile during the grinding, if the grinding force information indicates that the force applied by the grinding wheel is above the force threshold.