A heterojunction battery, a preparation method therefor, and an application thereof are provided. The heterojunction battery includes a substrate, a first intrinsic amorphous silicon layer, an N-type doped amorphous silicon layer or microcrystalline silicon layer or nanocrystalline silicon layer, a first transparent conductive oxide layer, a second intrinsic amorphous silicon layer, a P-type doped amorphous silicon layer or microcrystalline silicon layer or nanocrystalline silicon layer, a second transparent conductive oxide layer, and a dielectric film. The heterojunction battery further includes a metal mesh. The metal mesh penetrates through the dielectric film and is fixedly connected to the first transparent conductive oxide layer and the second transparent conductive oxide layer, respectively. The metal mesh is composed of multiple first metal wires and multiple second metal wires. The first metal wires are perpendicular to the second metal wires.

The present disclosure is directed to a method of processing a solar cell device. The method comprises detecting at least one inconsistency at a surface of a semiconductor substrate having a solar cell active region formed therein. A deposition pattern is determined based on the location of the at least one inconsistency. A material is selectively deposited on the substrate according to the deposition pattern.

The present invention generally pertains to a corrugated transparent top panel provided useful for either increasing or decreasing harvesting of solar radiation and to methods thereof. A special use of this panel is in photovoltaic cells, solar cells, walls, windows and agricultural structures.

A functional device includes in succession: a first protective film on the front face of the device, with Young's modulus (YM) E1 and thermal dilatation coefficient (TDC) CTE1, a first exterior encapsulation film, with YM E2 and TDC CTE2, an interior encapsulation film, with YM E3 and TDC CTE3, a second exterior encapsulation film, with YM E4 and TDC CTE4, a second plate on the rear face of the device, with YM E5 and TDC CTE5, E1 and E5 being similar or identical, E2 and E4 being similar or identical, E1>E2 and E4<E5, CTE1 and CTE5 being similar or identical, CTE2 and CTE4 being similar or identical, CTE1<CTE2 and CTE4>CTE5, and one film of the first exterior encapsulation film, the interior encapsulation film and the second exterior encapsulation film encapsulating the active elements; and method for producing a functional traversable surface.

Distance measurement accuracy is improved. An avalanche photodiode sensor according to an embodiment includes a first semiconductor substrate and a second semiconductor substrate bonded to a first surface of the first semiconductor substrate, wherein the first semiconductor substrate includes a plurality of photoelectric conversion portions arranged in a matrix and an element separation portion, the plurality of photoelectric conversion portions include a first photoelectric conversion portion, the element separation portion has a first element separation region and a second element separation region, the first photoelectric conversion portion is arranged between the first element separation region and the second element separation region, the first semiconductor substrate further includes a plurality of concave-convex portions on a second surface opposite to the first surface and between the first element separation region and the second element separation region, and the second semiconductor substrate includes a reading circuit connected to each of the photoelectric conversion portions.

A solar cell and a photovoltaic module including the same are provided. The solar cell includes a substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; a first passivation stack disposed on the first surface and including a first oxygen-rich dielectric layer, a first silicon-rich dielectric layer, a second oxygen-rich dielectric layer, and a second silicon-rich dielectric layer that are sequentially disposed in a direction away from the first surface, wherein an atomic fraction of oxygen in the first oxygen-rich dielectric layer is less than an atomic fraction of oxygen in the second oxygen-rich dielectric layer; a tunneling oxide layer disposed on the second surface; a doped conductive layer disposed on a surface of the tunneling oxide layer; and a second passivation layer disposed on a surface of the doped conductive layer.

Provided are a solar cell, a manufacturing method thereof, and a photovoltaic module. The solar cell includes: a semiconductor substrate, in which a rear surface of the semiconductor substrate having a first texture structure, the first texture structure includes two or more first substructures at least partially stacked on one another, and in a direction away from the rear surface and perpendicular to the rear surface, a distance between a top surface of an outermost first substructure and a top surface of an adjacent first substructure being less than or equal to 2 μm; a first passivation layer located on a front surface of the semiconductor substrate; a tunnel oxide layer located on the first texture structure; a doped conductive layer located on a surface of the tunnel oxide layer; and a second passivation layer located on a surface of the doped conductive layer.

An electrode coupled double heterojunction solar cell having double active regions for photoelectric effect and method of manufacturing the same are provided. The electrode coupled double heterojunction solar cell includes a first terminal electrode, a first solar cell, a second solar cell, a common electrode structure, and a second terminal electrode. The first solar cell is connected to the first terminal electrode and includes a first PIN heterojunction structure. The second solar cell is disposed on the first solar cell and includes a second PIN heterojunction structure. The common electrode structure is disposed between the first solar cell and the second solar cell, so that the first solar cell and the second solar cell are electrically connected to each other in a parallel manner. The second terminal electrode is disposed on the second solar cell.

A sensor device provided in the disclosure includes a sensor substrate, a first transparent layer, a collimator layer, and a lens. The first transparent layer is disposed on the sensor substrate, wherein the first transparent layer defines an alignment structure. The collimator layer is disposed on the first transparent layer. The lens is disposed on the collimator layer.

The present disclosure provides a method for treating a surface portion of a TCO material in a semiconductor device that comprises a structure arranged to facilitate current flow in one direction. To perform the method the surface portion of the TCO is exposed to an electrolyte and a current is induced in the device. The current allows reducing the TCO material in a manner such that the adhesion of a metallic material to the exposed surface portion is improved over the adhesion of the metallic material to a non-exposed surface portion.