A process for making an at least partially coated electrode active material may involve, with an electrode active material of formula Li.sub.1−xTM.sub.1−xO.sub.2, wherein TM is a combination of Ni, Co and, optionally, Mn, and, optionally, at least one metal selected from Al, Ti and Zr, and x is in the range of from 0 to 0.2, treating the electrode active material with at least one compound of W or Mo that bears at least one group or ion that is replaced or displaced when such compound reacts with the surface of the electrode active material particle, treating the surface-reacted material with an agent to decompose the compound of W or Mo, repeating the sequence 1 to 100 times, wherein the average thickness of the resulting coating is in the range of from 0.1 to 50 nm.

Described are a composition at least comprising complexes of polythiophene and polyanions, at least one lithium-containing compound, and at least one solvent, wherein the composition comprises less than 1 g of a material comprising elemental carbon, based on 1 g of the polythiophenes, or comprises no material at all comprising elemental carbon, and a process for the preparation of a composition, the composition obtainable by this process, the use of a composition and a cathode in an Li ion accumulator.

Disclosed is a method of preparing inorganic particles using a hydrothermal synthesis device, including introducing a precursor liquid or slurry stream including a reaction precursor for preparation of an inorganic material into a hydrothermal synthesis reactor, introducing a supercritical liquid stream including water into the hydrothermal synthesis reactor, preparing an inorganic slurry by hydrothermal reaction in the hydrothermal synthesis reactor and discharging the inorganic slurry therefrom, and filtering the discharged inorganic slurry, wherein the precursor liquid or slurry stream includes an NH.sub.3 source at a high temperature of the supercritical liquid stream and thus clogging of the stream in the hydrothermal synthesis reactor is inhibited by pH changes in the hydrothermal reaction.

To provide graphene oxide that has high dispersibility and is easily reduced. To provide graphene with high electron conductivity. To provide a storage battery electrode including an active material layer with high electric conductivity and a manufacturing method thereof. To provide a storage battery with increased discharge capacity. A method for manufacturing a storage battery electrode that is to be provided includes a step of dispersing graphene oxide into a solution containing alcohol or acid, a step of heating the graphene oxide dispersed into the solution, and a step or reducing the graphene oxide.

An electrode improved for achieving a storage battery having both a high electrode strength and favorable electrode conductivity is provided. The electrode includes graphene and a modified polymer in an active material layer or includes a layer substantially formed of carbon particles and an active material layer including a modified polymer over a current collector. The modified polymer has a poly(vinylidene fluoride) structure and partly has a polyene structure or an aromatic ring structure. The polyene structure or the aromatic ring structure is sandwiched between poly(vinylidene fluoride) structures.

Various methods and apparatus relating to three-dimensional battery structures and methods of manufacturing them are disclosed and claimed. In certain embodiments, a three-dimensional battery comprises a battery enclosure, and a first structural layer within the battery enclosure, where the first structural layer has a first surface, and a first plurality of conductive protrusions extend from the first surface. A first plurality of electrodes is located within the battery enclosure, where the first plurality of electrodes includes a plurality of cathodes and a plurality of anodes, and wherein the first plurality of electrodes includes a second plurality of electrodes selected from the first plurality of electrodes, each of the second plurality of electrodes being in contact with the outer surface of one of said first plurality of conductive protrusions. Some embodiments relate to processes of manufacturing energy storage devices with or without the use of a backbone structure or layer.

Methods, systems, and compositions for the liquid-phase deposition (LPD) of thin films. The thin films can be coated onto the surface of porous components of electrochemical devices, such as battery electrodes. Embodiments of the present disclosure achieve a faster, safer, and more cost-effective means for forming uniform, conformal layers on non-planar microstructures than known methods. In one aspect, the methods and systems involve exposing the component to be coated to different liquid reagents in sequential processing steps, with optional intervening rinsing and drying steps. Processing may occur in a single reaction chamber or multiple reaction chambers.

A negative electrode active material layer containing at least one selected from silicon and a silicon compound as a negative electrode active material is formed, and an amount of lithium exceeding an amount corresponding to a theoretical capacity of the negative electrode active material layer is brought into contact with the negative electrode active material layer so as to prepare a negative electrode. A positive electrode containing a lithium-absorption material capable of irreversibly absorbing lithium is prepared. The positive electrode, the negative electrode, a separator, and a nonaqueous electrolyte are enclosed inside an outer enclosure. A chemical conversion treatment of the negative electrode active material is performed with the lithium brought into contact with the negative electrode active material layer.

A functionalized lithium anode for batteries, which is obtainable according to a specific process using diazonium salts. The embodiments also relate to the use of that lithium anode in cells, to a cell including that lithium anode, to the use of that cell in an electronic device, and to an electronic device including that cell.

An electrode for an electrochemical energy storage device having interlayers of vanadium oxygen hydrate (VOH); and polyaniline (PANI) intercalated in the interlayers of VOH. A method for making the same and an electrochemical energy storage device including the aforementioned electrode are also discussed herein.