A molten sodium-based battery comprises a robust, highly Na-ion conductive, zero-crossover separator and a fully inorganic, fully liquid, highly cyclable molten cathode that operates at low temperatures.

The present disclosure is directed to triblock copolymer based anion exchange membranes (AEMs) and methods for making same. The membranes are useful as separators in electrochemical devices, such as fuel cells, electrolyzers, and redox flow batteries.

A nonaqueous electrolyte composition for use in a redox flow battery system, comprising a nonaqueous supporting electrolyte and a ligand metal complex as an electrochemically active component.

The present invention discloses a rechargeable tin-iodate battery, including static battery and redox flow battery, in which anodic tin will be dissolved as Sn.sup.2+ and Sn.sup.4+ ions while iodate will be reduced to iodine and iodide at carbon cathode during discharging. The process will be reversed in charging. The tin-iodate battery comprises a tin anode (1), a carbon cathode (2), a selective permeable separator (3), and aqueous acidic electrolytes, whereby electricity energy can stored with high energy density and high power density, and large-scale energy storage and electrified vehicle can be achieved.

A redox flow battery includes first and second cells. Each cell has electrodes and a separator layer arranged between the electrodes. A first circulation loop is fluidly connected with the first electrode of the first cell. A polysulfide electrolyte solution has a pH 11.5 or greater and is contained in the first recirculation loop. A second circulation loop is fluidly connected with the second electrode of the second cell. An iron electrolyte solution has a pH 3 or less and is contained in the second circulation loop. A third circulation loop is fluidly connected with the second electrode of the first cell and the first electrode of the second cell. An intermediator electrolyte solution is contained in the third circulation loop. The cells are operable to undergo reversible reactions to store input electrical energy upon charging and discharge the stored electrical energy upon discharging.

Organic anolyte materials for redox flow batteries and redox flow batteries containing organic anolyte materials are disclosed.

The present invention relates to novel combinations of redox active compounds for use as redox flow battery electrolytes. The invention further provides kits comprising these combinations, redox flow batteries, and method using the combinations, kits and redox flow batteries of the invention.

A secondary battery includes a first electrode; a first active material fluid which is electrically connected to the first electrode, contains a first active material and a supporting salt, and is flowable; and a second electrode including a structure which is formed by containing a second active material, the structure either being immersed in the first active material fluid or holding the first active material fluid, and a separating membrane disposed between the first active material fluid and the structure, the separating membrane having ion conducting properties and insulating properties.

We disclose quinone compounds and related species (Formula I) that possess significant advantages when used as a redox active material in a battery, e.g., a redox flow battery. In particular, the compounds provide redox flow batteries (RFBs) with extremely high capacity retention. For example, RFBs of the invention can be cycled for 500 times with negligible loss of capacity, and such batteries could be employed for years of service. Thus, the invention provides a high efficiency, long cycle life redox flow battery with reasonable power cost, low energy cost, and all the energy scaling advantages of a flow battery.

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A novel wound electrode assembly for a lithium oxyhalide electrochemical cell is described. The electrode assembly comprises an elongate cathode of an electrochemically non-active but electrically conductive carbonaceous material disposed between an inner elongate portion and an outer elongate portion of a unitary lithium anode. That way, lithium faces the entire length of the opposed major sides of the cathode. This inner anode portion/cathode/outer anode portion configuration is rolled into a wound-shaped electrode assembly that is housed inside a cylindrically-shaped casing. A cylindrically-shaped sheet-type spring centered in the electrode assembly presses outwardly to limit axial movement of the electrode assembly. In one embodiment, all the non-active components, except for the cathode current collector which is nickel, are made of stainless-steel. This provides the cell with a low magnetic signature without adversely affecting the cell's high-rate capability.