A composite containing phosphorus, lithium, iron, sulfur, and carbon as constituent elements wherein lithium sulfide (Li.sub.2S) is present in an amount of 90 mol % or more, and wherein the crystallite size calculated from the half-width of a diffraction peak based on the (111) plane of Li.sub.2S as determined by X-ray powder diffraction measurement is 80 nm or less. The composite exhibits a high capacity (in particular, a high discharge capacity) useful as an electrode active material for a lithium-ion secondary battery (in particular, a cathode active material for a lithium-ion secondary battery), without the need for stepwise pre-cycling treatment.

A composite containing phosphorus, lithium, iron, sulfur, and carbon as constituent elements wherein lithium sulfide (Li.sub.2S) is present in an amount of 90 mol % or more, and wherein the crystallite size calculated from the half-width of a diffraction peak based on the (111) plane of Li.sub.2S as determined by X-ray powder diffraction measurement is 80 nm or less. The composite exhibits a high capacity (in particular, a high discharge capacity) useful as an electrode active material for a lithium-ion secondary battery (in particular, a cathode active material for a lithium-ion secondary battery), without the need for stepwise pre-cycling treatment.

Transition-metal doped Li-rich anti-perovskite cathode compositions are provided herein. The Li-rich anti-perovskite cathode compositions have a chemical formula of Li.sub.(3-δ)M5/.sub.mBA, wherein 0<δ<3m/(m+1) and δ=3m/(m+1) is the maximum value for the transition metals doping, a chemical formula of Li.sub.4-δMs.sub.δ/mPC.sub.4A, wherein 0<δ≦4m/(m+1) and δ=4m/(m+1) is the maximum value for the transition metals doping, or a combination thereof, wherein M is a transition metal, B is a divalent anion, and A is a monovalent anion. Also provided herein, are methods of making the Li-rich anti-perovskite cathode compositions, and uses of the Li-rich anti-perovskite cathode compositions.

Transition-metal doped Li-rich anti-perovskite cathode compositions are provided herein. The Li-rich anti-perovskite cathode compositions have a chemical formula of Li.sub.(3-δ)M5/.sub.mBA, wherein 0<δ<3m/(m+1) and δ=3m/(m+1) is the maximum value for the transition metals doping, a chemical formula of Li.sub.4-δMs.sub.δ/mPC.sub.4A, wherein 0<δ≦4m/(m+1) and δ=4m/(m+1) is the maximum value for the transition metals doping, or a combination thereof, wherein M is a transition metal, B is a divalent anion, and A is a monovalent anion. Also provided herein, are methods of making the Li-rich anti-perovskite cathode compositions, and uses of the Li-rich anti-perovskite cathode compositions.

There are provided an assembled battery and a battery pack having excellent cycle characteristics with respect to high rate charging and discharging. An assembled battery according to an embodiment includes at least one first single cell and at least one second single cell that are connected in series. The first single cell includes a positive electrode containing an active material represented by the general formula LiMO.sub.2 (M includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, and Mn) and a negative electrode including a titanium-containing oxide. The second single cell includes a positive electrode containing an active material represented by the general formula LiM′PO.sub.4 (M′ includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of Fe, Mn, Co, and Ni) and a negative electrode including a titanium-containing oxide. The ratio of a charging resistance of the second single cell to a charging resistance of the first single cell is 1 or more and 1.5 or less if an open circuit voltage when the at least one first single cell and the at least one second single cell are connected in series is 4.5 V.

There are provided an assembled battery and a battery pack having excellent cycle characteristics with respect to high rate charging and discharging. An assembled battery according to an embodiment includes at least one first single cell and at least one second single cell that are connected in series. The first single cell includes a positive electrode containing an active material represented by the general formula LiMO.sub.2 (M includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, and Mn) and a negative electrode including a titanium-containing oxide. The second single cell includes a positive electrode containing an active material represented by the general formula LiM′PO.sub.4 (M′ includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of Fe, Mn, Co, and Ni) and a negative electrode including a titanium-containing oxide. The ratio of a charging resistance of the second single cell to a charging resistance of the first single cell is 1 or more and 1.5 or less if an open circuit voltage when the at least one first single cell and the at least one second single cell are connected in series is 4.5 V.

A power battery pack, includes first housing includes a first main portion having a first fixing surface and a first connection surface; a number of first receiving portions extending upwardly from the first fixing surface; a number of first limiting portions extending upwardly from the first connection surface; a second housing comprising a second main portion having a second fixing surface and a second connection surface; a number of second receiving portions extending upwardly from the second fixing surface; a number of second limiting portions extending upwardly from the second connection surface; a number of single batteries; two ends of each single battery being received in a first receiving portion and a respective second receiving portion; two electrode board assemblies respectively received in a first limiting portion; and a number of intermediate board assemblies each received in a first limiting portion or a second limiting portion.

A rechargeable lithium battery including an electrode assembly includes a positive electrode including a positive current collector and a positive active material layer disposed on the positive current collector; a negative electrode including a negative current collector, a negative active material layer disposed on the negative current collector, and a negative electrode functional layer disposed on the negative active material layer; and a separator, wherein the positive active material layer includes a first positive active material including at least one of a composite oxide of metal selected from cobalt, manganese, nickel, and a combination thereof and lithium and a second positive active material including a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, the negative electrode functional layer includes flake-shaped polyethylene particles, and a battery capacity is greater than or equal to about 3.5 Ah.
Li.sub.aFe.sub.1−x1M.sub.x1PO.sub.4  [Chemical Formula 1] In Chemical Formula 1, 0.90≤a≤1.8, 0≤x1≤0.7, and M is Mn, Co, Ni, or a combination thereof.

Disclosed is an electrode. An electrode according to the present invention includes an active material layer; and a current collector which includes a plurality of conductive filaments, wherein at least one from among the plurality of conductive filaments is embedded in the active material layer so that a set length is exposed from the surface thereof.

This disclosure relates to an SO.sub.2-based electrolyte for a rechargeable battery cell containing at least one conducting salt of the Formula (I) ##STR00001##
wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, metals of group 12 of the periodic table of the elements and aluminum; x is an integer from 1 to 3; the substituents R, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.1 alkenyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.1 alkynyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.14 aryl, and C.sub.5-C.sub.14 heteroaryl; and Z is aluminum or boron.