A secondary battery that generates or includes metal-ion contaminants selected from copper ions, manganese ions, nickel ions, cobalt ions, iron ions, aluminum ions, chrome ions, molybdenum ions, tin ions or combinations thereof, the battery comprising: an anode; a cathode; a coated or uncoated battery separator between the anode and the cathode, wherein the coated or uncoated battery separator comprises a trap layer; and an electrolyte. The battery improve yield rate of initial charge and aging process and exhibits prolonged useful life due to the separator, which reduces or eliminates metal-ion contamination in the battery.

A positive electrode material includes a first lithium manganese iron phosphate material in an aggregate form, a second and third lithium manganese iron phosphate materials in an aggregate and/or single-crystal-like form, and a fourth and fifth lithium manganese iron phosphate materials in a single-crystal-like form. D.sub.50.sup.5<D.sub.50.sup.4<D.sub.50.sup.3<D.sub.50.sup.2<D.sub.50.sup.1, D.sub.50.sup.2=aD.sub.50.sup.1, D.sub.50.sup.3=bD.sub.50.sup.1, D.sub.50.sup.4=cD.sub.50.sup.1, D.sub.50.sup.5=dD.sub.50.sup.1, and 5 μm≤D.sub.50.sup.1≤15 μm. 0.35≤a≤0.5, 0.2≤b≤0.27, 0.17≤c≤0.18, and 0.15≤d≤0.16. Molar ratios of manganese to iron in the first, the second, the third and the fourth lithium manganese iron phosphate materials increase sequentially, and a molar ratio of manganese to iron in the fifth lithium manganese iron phosphate material is greater than that in the third lithium manganese iron phosphate material.

The present disclosure relates to a lithium secondary battery containing tellurium as an additive for a positive electrode and bis (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)ether as an additive for an electrolyte solution, which has an effect of improving the lifetime characteristic of the lithium secondary battery.

The invention relates to complex framework materials (CFMs) for lithium-sulfur batteries. The CFMs include a CFM host and a coating applied to the CFM host, which includes one or more of an electronic conductor, a lithium ion conductor and a functional catalyst. Further, sulfur is infiltrated into the CFM host creating a sulfur-carbon linkage serving as effective anchors for trapping polysulfides. The systems have been tested in coin cells and pouch cells under lean electrolyte conditions of 3-4 μl/mg of electrolyte to sulfur ratios showing promise and feasibility.

A lithium-ion battery, including a battery cell, an electrolytic solution, and a packaging film. The battery cell is formed by winding a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate that are separated by a separator. The lithium-ion battery is half-charged to obtain a half-charged full battery. The half-charged full battery is stripped of the packaging film to obtain a half-charged cell. When a width of the half-charged full battery is w.sub.1, a width of the half-charged cell is w.sub.2, and g=w.sub.2/w.sub.1, the following conditional expression (1) is satisfied: 0.4<g<0.997. A negative active material of the negative electrode plate includes a silicon-based material. When a capacity per unit volume of the negative electrode plate is a, a and g satisfy the following conditional expression (2): 420 mAh/cm.sup.3<g×a<2300 mAh/cm.sup.3, where 619 mAh/cm.sup.3<a<3620 mAh/cm.sup.3. The present invention further provides an electronic device.

Disclosed is a hybrid electrochemical cell with a first conductor having at least one portion that is both a first capacitor electrode and a first battery electrode. The hybrid electrochemical cell further includes a second conductor having at least one portion that is a second capacitor electrode and at least one other portion that is a second battery electrode. An electrolyte is in contact with both the first conductor and the second conductor. In some embodiments, the hybrid electrochemical cell further includes a separator between the first conductor and the second conductor to prevent physical contact between the first conductor and the second conductor, while facilitating ion transport between the first conductor and the second conductor.

Provided are a binder resin for an electrode of a lithium secondary battery containing a solvent-soluble polyimide having a repeating unit represented by the following Formula [I], and a method of producing the binder resin for an electrode. ##STR00001## (In the formula, Z represents an aromatic or alicyclic tetracarboxylic dianhydride residue, and Ar is an aromatic diamine residue having a carboxyl group and an aromatic diamine residue having an aromatic ether bond, or an aromatic diamine residue having a phenylindan structure).

Provided are a binder resin for an electrode of a lithium secondary battery containing a solvent-soluble polyimide having a repeating unit represented by the following Formula [I], and a method of producing the binder resin for an electrode. ##STR00001## (In the formula, Z represents an aromatic or alicyclic tetracarboxylic dianhydride residue, and Ar is an aromatic diamine residue having a carboxyl group and an aromatic diamine residue having an aromatic ether bond, or an aromatic diamine residue having a phenylindan structure).

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a vanadium-carbon phosphate composite material, a vanadium-carbon phosphate composite material obtained according to the process, and to the uses of the composite material, especially as a precursor for the synthesis of electrochemically-active materials, electrode or active anode material.

This disclosure provides for Olivine-type compounds, their preparation and use in cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries. The olivine-type compounds of the invention are obtained by a direct synthesis embodying a hydrothermal method.