A method for manufacturing an electrode having a porosity of between 20% and 60% by volume and pores with an average diameter of less than 50 nm. In the method, provision is made of a substrate and a colloidal suspension of aggregates or agglomerates of monodisperse primary nanoparticles of an active electrode material, having an average primary diameter D.sub.50 of between 2 and 100 nm, the aggregates or agglomerates having an average diameter D.sub.50 of between 50 nm and 300 nm. A layer is deposited from said colloidal suspension on the substrate. The deposited layer is then dried and consolidated to obtain a mesoporous layer. A coating of an electronically conductive material is then deposited on and inside the pores of the porous layer. Such a porous electrode can be used in lithium-ion microbatteries.

Implementations described herein generally relate to metal electrodes, more specifically lithium-containing anodes, high performance electrochemical devices, such as secondary batteries, including the aforementioned lithium-containing electrodes, and methods for fabricating the same. In one implementation, an anode electrode structure is provided. The anode electrode structure comprises a current collector comprising copper. The anode electrode structure further comprises a lithium metal film formed on the current collector. The anode electrode structure further comprises a solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film stack formed on the lithium metal film. The SEI film stack comprises a chalcogenide film formed on the lithium metal film. In one implementation, the SEI film stack further comprises a lithium oxide film formed on the chalcogenide film. In one implementation, the SEI film stack further comprises a lithium carbonate film formed on the lithium oxide film.

The present invention relates to a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same. The negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery comprises a current collector and a negative electrode active material layer formed on the current collector, wherein the negative electrode active material layer includes a first negative electrode active material and a first binder, and a second active material layer formed on the first active material layer and including a second negative electrode active material and a second binder, a content of the first binder is greater than that of the second binder, a loading level of the negative electrode active material layer is 10 mg/cm.sup.2 to 30 mg/cm.sup.2, a loading level of the first active material layer is 4 mg/cm.sup.2 to 25 mg/cm.sup.2, a loading level of the second active material layer is 4 mg/cm.sup.2 to 25 mg/cm.sup.2, and a loading level of the second active material layer is equal to or higher than that of the first active material layer.

Energy storage devices, battery cells, and batteries may include a battery cell component that is formed by a method that includes forming a slurry that includes a ceramic material, a binder, and an ionic dispersant. The ceramic material may be greater than 50% of the slurry by weight. The method may also include applying the slurry to a polymeric material to form a two-layer separator. The slurry may be applied to a thickness of less than or about 10 μm.

An electrochemical apparatus includes a positive electrode. The positive electrode includes a current collector, a first material layer, and a second material layer. The second material layer is disposed on at least one surface of the current collector, and the first material layer is disposed between the current collector and the second material layer. The first material layer includes a leveling agent. A difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of thickness of the first material layer is less than or equal to 3 μm. The obtained positive electrode has high uniformity in thickness, and there is strong adhesion between the current collector and the first material layer, and between the second material layer and the first material layer.

Systems and methods for configuring anisotropic expansion of silicon-dominant anodes using particle size may include a cathode, an electrolyte, and an anode, where the anode may include a current collector and an active material on the current collector. An expansion of the anode during operation may be configured by utilizing a predetermined particle size distribution of silicon particles in the active material. The expansion of the anode may be greater for smaller particle size distributions, which may range from 1 to 10 μm. The expansion of the anode may be smaller for a rougher surface active material, which may be configured by utilizing larger particle size distributions that may range from 5 to 25 μm. The expansion may be configured to be more anisotropic using more rigid materials for the current collector, where a more rigid current collector may comprise nickel and a less rigid current collector may comprise copper.

The invention relates to complex framework materials (CFMs) for lithium-sulfur batteries. The CFMs include a CFM host and a coating applied to the CFM host, which includes one or more of an electronic conductor, a lithium ion conductor and a functional catalyst. Further, sulfur is infiltrated into the CFM host creating a sulfur-carbon linkage serving as effective anchors for trapping polysulfides. The systems have been tested in coin cells and pouch cells under lean electrolyte conditions of 3-4 μl/mg of electrolyte to sulfur ratios showing promise and feasibility.

An energy storage device according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a negative electrode including a negative substrate made of pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy, a conductive layer directly or indirectly layered on the negative substrate and containing a conductive agent, and a negative active material layer containing a negative active material capable of occluding lithium ions at a potential of 0.05 V vs. Li/Li.sup.+ or lower; and a positive electrode opposed to the negative electrode and including a positive substrate and a positive active material layer directly or indirectly layered on the positive substrate, and the negative active material layer is layered on the negative substrate and the conductive layer so as to include a region in contact with the negative substrate and a region in contact with the conductive layer.

The present application belongs to a technical field of modifying natural polymer materials, provides a high-viscosity lithium carboxymethyl cellulose and preparation method therefor and application thereof. Raw materials are fed into a reactor, and the high-viscosity lithium carboxymethyl cellulose is prepared through an alkalization reaction, an etherification reaction, an acidification reaction and a substitution reaction. The prepared high-viscosity lithium carboxymethyl cellulose can be used for preparing a negative electrode plate of a lithium-ion battery. Compared with the existing lithium carboxymethyl cellulose, the high-viscosity lithium carboxymethyl cellulose provided by the present application can not only reduce an application amount in preparing a negative electrode plate of a lithium-ion battery so as to save a using cost, but also promote an electrochemical performance of the material in combination with a sodium lignin sulfonate.

Disclosed herein are a method of manufacturing dry binders for electrodes usable in a dry electrode method by using a mixture of polymer powder containing a hydroxyl group (—OH) and polytetrafluoroethylene, and a method of manufacturing dry electrodes including dry binders.