An all-solid-state secondary battery has a positive electrode collector, a positive electrode active material layer, a negative electrode active material layer, a negative electrode collector, and a solid electrolyte. The solid electrolyte has an interlayer solid electrolyte located between the positive electrode active material layer and the negative electrode active material layer, and the all-solid-state secondary battery further includes a trapping layer that traps a metal of which at least one of the positive electrode collector and the negative electrode collector is formed.

A solid electrolyte contains Li, P, S, halogen, and M elements (M represents at least one of silicon (Si), tin (Sn), antimony (Sb), germanium (Ge), and boron (B)), and has a crystalline phase with an argyrodite-type crystal structure. A molar ratio S/(P+M) of the S to the total of the P and M elements satisfies 3.5<S/(P+M)<4.2. A molar ratio M/P of the M element to the P satisfies 0<M/P<1. A molar ratio X/(P+M) of the halogen (X) element to the total of the P and M elements satisfies 0.7<X/(P+M)<3.0.

A solid-state rechargeable 3D microbattery is provided that has improved power density, energy density, and cycle lifetimes. These improvements are afforded by providing a solid-state electrolyte that is composed of crystalline Li.sub.1+xAl.sub.xTi.sub.2x(PO.sub.4).sub.3, wherein x is from 0 to 2. The solid-state electrolyte that is composed of crystalline Li.sub.1+xA1.sub.xTi.sub.2x(PO.sub.4) has a high ionic conductivity (which is greater than 10.sup.4 Siemens/cm) as well as high chemical stability.

A flexible energy storage device with a glycerol-based gel electrolyte is provided. The flexible energy storage device can include a pair of electrodes separated by the gel electrolyte. The electrolytes can be in gel form, bendable and stretchable in a device. The gel electrolyte can include glycerol, redox-active molybdenum-containing ions, and a secondary ionic substance. The secondary ionic substance can include a salt. The gel electrolyte can have a density of 1.4 to 1.9 g/cm.sup.3 and an ionic conductivity of 2.3?10.sup.?4 to 3.2?10.sup.?4 Scm.sup.?1. The flexible energy storage device may retain greater than 95% of an unbent energy storage capacity when bent at an angle of 10 to 170?.

A metal-air battery including: a negative electrode metal layer; a negative electrode electrolyte layer disposed on the negative electrode metal layer; a positive electrode layer disposed on the negative electrode electrolyte layer, the positive electrode layer comprising a positive electrode material which is capable of using oxygen as an active material; and a gas diffusion layer disposed on the positive electrode layer, wherein the negative electrode electrolyte layer is between the negative electrode metal layer and the positive electrode layer; wherein the negative electrode metal layer, the negative electrode electrolyte layer, and the positive electrode layer are disposed on the gas diffusion layer so that the positive electrode layer contacts a lower surface and an opposite upper surface of the gas diffusion layer, and wherein one side surface of the gas diffusion layer is exposed to an outside.

A metal-air battery including: a negative electrode metal layer; a negative electrode electrolyte layer disposed on the negative electrode metal layer; a positive electrode layer disposed on the negative electrode electrolyte layer, the positive electrode layer comprising a positive electrode material which is capable of using oxygen as an active material; and a gas diffusion layer disposed on the positive electrode layer, wherein the negative electrode electrolyte layer is between the negative electrode metal layer and the positive electrode layer; wherein the negative electrode metal layer, the negative electrode electrolyte layer, and the positive electrode layer are disposed on the gas diffusion layer so that the positive electrode layer contacts a lower surface and an opposite upper surface of the gas diffusion layer, and wherein one side surface of the gas diffusion layer is exposed to an outside.

An electrode configuration for a battery cell includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a first single-ion conducting layer deposited on one of the separator, the positive electrode, and the negative electrode. The first single-ion conducting layer is formed as a continuous thin-film layer.

A solid state battery includes a flexible polymer sheet, and an array of solid state pillars supported by and extending through the sheet. Each of the pillars has an anode layer, a cathode layer adjacent, and an inorganic solid electrolyte (ISE) layer interposed between the anode and cathode layers.

A metal-air battery including: a negative electrode metal layer; a negative electrode electrolyte layer disposed on the negative electrode metal layer; a positive electrode layer disposed on the negative electrode electrolyte layer, the positive electrode layer including a positive electrode material which is capable of using oxygen as an active material; and a gas diffusion layer disposed on the positive electrode layer, wherein the negative electrode electrolyte layer is between the negative electrode metal layer and the positive electrode layer; wherein the negative electrode metal layer, the negative electrode electrolyte layer, and the positive electrode layer are disposed on the gas diffusion layer so that the positive electrode layer contacts a lower surface and an opposite upper surface of the gas diffusion layer, and wherein one side surface of the gas diffusion layer is exposed to an outside.

A metal-air battery including: a negative electrode metal layer; a negative electrode electrolyte layer disposed on the negative electrode metal layer; a positive electrode layer disposed on the negative electrode electrolyte layer, the positive electrode layer comprising a positive electrode material which is capable of using oxygen as an active material; and a gas diffusion layer disposed on the positive electrode layer, wherein the negative electrode electrolyte layer is between the negative electrode metal layer and the positive electrode layer; wherein the negative electrode metal layer, the negative electrode electrolyte layer, and the positive electrode layer are disposed on the gas diffusion layer so that the positive electrode layer contacts a lower surface and an opposite upper surface of the gas diffusion layer, and wherein one side surface of the gas diffusion layer is exposed to an outside.